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The overall goal of this book is to provide the reader with an understanding of the new minimally invasive techniques that are available for the purpose of diagnostic imaging in dentistry and to explain their impact on clinical practice. The book concentrates very much on those techniques that are clinically applicable and useful to dentists NOW, although it also provides a fascinating view to the future. The chapters are divided according to the major clinical topics in dentistry. Each chapter provides considerable visual content, including flow charts, schematics, and photographs. The principles of the technologies presented are discussed in an overview format, with greater detail and focus on the ensuing clinical application techniques and the data that they can generate. The strengths and limitations of the novel modalities are highlighted. Finally, the interface between the data and their capacity for improving clinical outcomes through better diagnosis is discussed. Allof the authors have been selected on the basis of their pre-eminence in the field.

This book provides insights on new geological, tectonic, and climatic developments in India through a time progression from the Archean to the Anthropocene that are captured via authoritative entries from experts in earth sciences. This volume aims to bring graduate students and researchers up to date on the geodynamic evolution of the Indian Plate; concepts that have so far resulted in a rather uneven treatment of the subject at different institutions.The book is divided into 4 sections and includes perspectives such as the formation and evolution of the Indian crust in comparison to its neighbors such as Antarctica, Africa and Australia; the evolution of Precambrian cratons and sedimentary basins of India; and a summary account of early life reported in the Indian stratigraphic record. Readers will also discover the key recent research into the neotectonics, tectonic geomorphology, and paleoseismology of the Himalayan Front. Researchers and students in geology, earthsciences, sedimentology, paleobiology and geography will find this book appealing.

The book presents the best contributions from the international scientific conference ¿Growth Poles of the Global Economy: Emergence, Changes and Future,¿ which was organized by the Institute of Scientific Communications (Volgograd, Russia) together with the universities of Kyrgyzstan and various other cities in Russia. The 143 papers selected, focus on spatial and sectorial structures of the modern global economy according to the theory of growth poles. It is intended for representatives of the academic community: university and college staff developing study guides on socio-humanitarian disciplines in connection with the theory of growth poles, researchers, and undergraduates, masters, and postgraduates who are interested in the recent inventions and developments in the field. It is also a valuable resource for expert practitioners managing entrepreneurial structures in the existing and prospective growth poles of the global economy as well as thoseat international institutes that regulate growth poles.The first part of the book investigates the factors and conditions affecting the emergence of the growth poles of the modern global economy. The second part then discusses transformation processes in the traditional growth poles of the global economy under the influence of the technological progress. The third part examines how social factors affect the formation of new growth poles of the modern global economy. Lastly, the fourth part offers perspectives on the future growth of the global economy on the basis of the digital economy and Industry 4.0.

This book explores rehabilitation methodology in Evidence Based Medicine (EBM), providing a description of the main traditional strategies used by physiotherapists. It supplies both physiotherapists and students with updated information on scientific professional choices for the patient¿s benefit by collecting traditional knowledge and trying to answer a fundamental question: is there an objective way of rehabilitating patients by using traditional concepts at the light of new evidences?Every physiotherapist experiences the need of updating his knowledge and professional actions. Research can help but personal experience remains fundamental for clinical reasoning.The book examines rehabilitation strategies, main rehabilitation techniques, as well as scientific practice and suggestions stemming from research.The various rehabilitation strategies and techniques converge in the daily work becoming the basis for operative choices finalized to solve the patient's needs.Methodology characterizes the work of a physiotherapist who should take care of his scientific education by means of effective teaching plans, educational rules and ethic professional code.This book will be a useful tool for physiotherapy students but also for professionals.

Over the last several decades breast cancer management has made great strides in the improvement of oncologic treatment outcomes, particularly so in patients with early stage disease. While wide-spread access to screening resulting in early detection is undoubtedly to be credited for this trend, at the same time, the management of breast cancer has evolved to be an intricate multidisciplinary collaboration between breast imagers, surgeons, medical oncologists and radiation oncologist. As a result, with better mutual understanding of multidisplinary goals and challenges, the treatment strategies have become more individualized, with a great emphasis being placed on the intrinsic disease biology. Furthermore, the indications for neoadjuvant systemic therapy have significantly broadened, with a substantial number of patients with early stage breast cancer being able to take advantage of this strategy to decrease the extent of breast surgery they would undergo at its completion. As such, the management of the axilla in these patients has presented with new challenges as well as with new opportunities to scale down on the extent of local therapy and, consequently, its toxicity.This text will provide a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of this field, and will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians (surgeons, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists) and researchers with an interest in breast cancer. The book will review novel and evoling strategies in neoadjuvant systemic therapy forn early stage breast cancer, provide new perspectives about appropriate axillary imaging in anticipation of neoadjuvant systemic therapy, and describe new data on innovative surgical techniques and Radiation Oncology concepts designed to deescalate the extent and toxicity of local therapy while insuring oncologic safety. Several landmark clinical trials have been published in the last few years and will be placed in context with respect to current management. Integration of novel diagnostic and interventional breast imaging, local therapy (surgery and radiation) with contemporary systemic therapy will also be discussed. This text will serve as a very useful resource for physicians and researchers dealing with, and interested in, this challenging field. It will provide a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field that will help guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts. All chapters will be written by experts in their fields and will include the most up to date scientific and clinical information.

This book is a comprehensive review of pulmonary embolism (PE) which, with deep vein thrombosis, is assigned to the term venous thromboembolism (VTE) and currently the third most frequent acute cardiovascular syndrome globally. In the past decade we have seen a remarkable improvement in new diagnostic tools as well as novel therapeutic options to manage patients with VTE and this book provides a thorough clinical discussion of the diagnosis and management of these patients.Pulmonary Embolism presents a comprehensive review of all aspects of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, risk assessment and therapeutic options to manage the patient with PE. To aid healthcare providers caring for patients with acute PE, it encapsulates a novel, comprehensive, yet simple, pathway for the management of patients with PE, which can be used in many health care systems around the globe. This pathway is at the core of the book and all chapters are related to this unique algorithm.

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a frequently performed operation - in the U.S. alone, 5.2 million TKAs were performed from 2000-2010 - and partial (unicompartmental) knee arthroplasty (UKA) is another common operation that is done in younger, active individuals. Many patients require knee arthroplasty from osteoarthritis that develops after sports injuries or decades of participation in athletics. While much has been written regarding technical surgical details of arthroplasty, there is comparably little available on critical rehabilitation principles and guidelines that allow return to normal physical function, as well as recreational and sports activities.Filling this gap in the literature, this group of internationally recognized surgeons and therapists discusses all aspects of critical rehabilitation following both partial and total knee replacement, including:Advances in surgical techniques for robotic computer-navigated knee arthroplastyEffects of preoperative rehabilitation and nutrition on postoperative functionSpecific rehabilitation principles to avoid complications and return to daily activitiesAdvanced physical therapy concepts to return to recreational and sports activitiesObjective testing to determine strength and physical function in the arthroplasty athleteRecommended guidelines for recreational and sports activitiesKey factors for achieving high patient satisfaction and quality of life after surgeryPresenting the most up-to-date evidence and guidelines, Critical Rehabilitation for Partial and Total Knee Arthroplasty will be an invaluable resource for orthopedic surgeons, physical therapists, athletic trainers, personal trainers and all professionals caring for patients seeking to return to full activity after knee replacement.

This book delineates that COVID-19 is a multisystem inflammatory disease and how its pathophysiology can predispose patients to an increased risk of neurological problems. Available data suggest the potential neuroinvasive capacity of the SARS-CoV-2 through direct viral damage and indirect entering the CNS by different routes including the vascular system, the olfactory and trigeminal nerves, the cerebrospinal fluid, and the lymphatic system. Furthermore, the pro-inflammatory cytokine storm and oxidative stress can induce microglial activation and damaging the blood-brain barrier, culminating in widespread neuroinflammatory processes. This acute neurotoxicity is clinically expressed as anosmia, ageusia, headache, nausea and vomiting. Other neurologic manifestations such as acute cerebrovascular diseases, encephalitis-based impaired consciousness, and meningitis are also described.The PNS can also be affected and clinical manifestations including Guillain-Barré syndrome, polyneuritis, Miller Fisher Syndrome, and other problems are described. A special issue concerns the neurocognitive dysfunction and altered consciousness manifested as delirium, agitation, and confusion. Non-specific symptoms such as dizziness, and seizures can accompany clinical pictures.Regardless of the admitting diagnosis, a high percentage of patients discharged from ICUs develop disabilities affecting physical, cognitive and psychological activities. The symptoms such as asthenia, memory disturbances, depression, sleep disturbances, anxiety, and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), can configure the so-called Post-intensive Care Syndrome (PICS). Multimodal management during the ICU stay and implementation of follow-up programs on patient discharge can reduce the incidence of this syndrome, improving the quality of life of surviving individuals.In this complex scenario, a careful clinical approach through reliable diagnostic tools, and epidemiological studies aimed at evaluating the dimensions of the problem also in economic terms, is urgently needed.This book represents a valuable aid for all healthcare professionals (intensivists, neurologist and psychiatrists, as well as others) involved in the management of these critically ill patients.

Deep knowledge of anatomy and surgical technique will continue to remain the foundation of surgery despite advancement in surgical technology. Robotic surgery usage has increased drastically in the last decade. More than ever before, surgical community in great need for an updated atlas in the various upper GI surgical procedures and techniques available. This atlas demonstrates how to perform the most common Upper GI robotic procedure via a set of high-quality state-of-the-art annotated images showing step-by-step guidance providing pertinent and concise procedure descriptions spanning benign and malignant upper GI problems. Robotic upper GI procedures are considered technically demanding with attention to details thus are considered great teaching procedures especially with dual robotic consoles, simulation, and teleproctoring. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative figures are integrated to highlight the importance of these step-by-step procedures, enhance skill and efficiency, and avoid surgical pitfalls. Detailed descriptive figures accompany step-by-step instructions and include specific anatomical annotations that describe the anatomy during upper GI procedures. Atlas of Robotic Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery will provide a comprehensive, insightful and state-of-art review of this field, and will serve as a valuable visual resource for surgeons, surgeons in training, and students with an interest in robotic upper GI surgery. All chapters are written by an international group of experts in their field, to provide a comprehensive atlas for specialists and trainees, this illustrated book will give a current and concise summary of all key topics and recent developments in upper GI surgery.

This book was the end product of life experiences, thoughts and intellectual wanderings of the author, who through his career and for the last twenty years was always serving all the three aspects of a Psychiatrist: He is a clinician, a researcher and an academic teacher. The book includes a comprehensive history of Psychiatry since antiquity and until today, with an emphasis not only on main events but also specifically and with much detail and explanations, on the chain of events that led to a particular development. At the center of this work is the question ¿What is mental illness?¿ and ¿Does free will exist?¿. These are questions which tantalize Psychiatrists, neuroscientists, psychologists, philosophers, patients and their families and the sensitive and educated lay persons alike. Thus, the book includes a comprehensive review and systematic elaboration on the definition and the concept of mental illness, a detailed discussion on the issue of free will as well as the state of the art of contemporary Psychiatry and the socio-political currents it has provoked.Finally the book includes a description of the academic, social and professional status of Psychiatry and Psychiatrists and a view of future needs and possible developments.A last moment addition was the chapter on conspiracy theories, as a consequence of the experience with the social media and the public response to the COVID-19 outbreak which coincided with the final stage of the preparation of the book. Their study is an excellent opportunity to dig deep into the relation among human psychology, mental health, the society and politics and to swim in intellectually dangerous waters.

This book provides an accessible, up-to-date understanding of how to treat patients with substance and non-substance-related addiction. It covers all the typical substance and non-substance use disorders and presents evidence in a case-based format.Concise and comprehensive, opening chapters relay a preliminary assessment of addiction disorders and their neurobiology. Subsequent chapters then offer specific treatment options, challenges, and cases relating to the abuse of distinct substances. The substances mentioned earlier include alcohol, opioids, stimulants, hallucinogens, and sedatives. Additionally, one chapter covers the unique issues associated with treating behavioral addictions, such as sex and gambling. Each chapter will outline cases in a fashion that will optimize the reader's experience. In closing, the book examines co-occurring substance use disorders and mental illness.An invaluable addition to the Psychiatry Update Series, Addiction Medicine is an essential reference for mental health clinicians, as well as primary care and family medicine clinicians.

This book serves as the ¿go-tö resource for cardiovascular nurses and other health care practitioners involved in the care of patients with acquired valvular heart disease. It includes unique information about heart valve anatomy and pathophysiology, the complexity of clinical presentations and diagnostic evaluation, patient education and shared decision-making, surgical and transcatheter treatment options, and transition to palliative care. The content focuses primarily on the specialized care of patients with aortic stenosis and regurgitation, and mitral and tricuspid regurgitation.In addition, this unique resource provides timely information to guide a patient-centred and team-driven approach that reflects contemporary and innovative practice in the management of valvular heart disease. The essential topics of strengthening the multidisciplinary Heart Team and programmatic processes of care, the priorities for nursing care, and the multifactorial challenges of managing this complex patient population are explored in detail. Importantly, this resource aims to support all clinicians who are involved in the various timepoints of patients¿ full trajectory of care, from their evaluation pathway, admissions for treatment, and long term follow-up. Clinicians require contemporary knowledge and evidence to guide their practice, provide appropriate care for this complex patient population, and contribute to the advancement of practice. To date, there has been little emphasis placed on the management of valvular heart disease in cardiovascular nursing and allied health curriculum. This book fills this gap and addresses the pressing need for a user-friendly resource to guide the care for this growing population in a rapidly changing clinical environment. The editors are international leaders in the care and management of patients with acquired valvular heart disease and program development. They are widely recognizedfor their pioneering role in shaping the way we care for these patients.