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This book has three primary objectives. The first objective is to provide scholars with a more realistic view of adaptive management, without arguing against adaptive management. Adaptive management is necessary as well as desirable, but it is not easy, and demonstrating that through the Chino Basin experience is an important goal. The second objective is to provide practitioners with encouraging yet cautionary lessons about the challenges and benefits of an adaptive approach ¿ in similar fashion as the first objective, the goal here is to endorse the adaptive approach but in a clear-eyed manner that clarifies how hard it is and how much it requires. A third objective is to show all audiences that resource governance systems can fail, change, and succeed. There is no such thing as an ideal institutional design that is guaranteed to work; rather, making institutional arrangements work entails learning and adjustment when they begin to show problems as they inevitably will.

This volume is devoted to investigation of all aspects of heat-mass transfer processes at different scales and from various origins, as well as the formation and evolution of geological structures. These phenomena are linked to geophysical properties of rocks, geothermal resources, geothermics, fluid dynamics, stress-state of the lithosphere, deep geodynamics, plate tectonics, and seismicity, among others. The book consists of two main parts. The first concerns heat-mass transfer associated with natural and technogenic processes in the upper lithosphere. The second deals with geodynamics and seismicity. The collection of over 25 chapter from leading investigators in Russia is thus an important contribution to research on the lithosphere in connection with formation and evolution of geological structures; heat and mass transfer processes in the lithosphere and their connection with deep Earth geodynamics.Collects a range of research methodologies including application of modelling, seismic tomography, geological field works, geological-geophysical methods, and in situ measurements through instrumentation;Explains how a wide range of geological and geophysical phenomena arising in the Earth¿s lithosphere can be investigated under the umbrella of a common approach to heat-mass transfer processes;Includes the latest research by more than 60 leading scientists from Russia.

This book focuses on the ways in which resiliency can foster the transformation of cities. There is a growing need for our cities to be transformed into ¿smart¿ cities; in this regard, tremendous efforts are called for in order to face the environmental challenges that play a major role in the creation or transformation of cities and environments. This book covers a broad range of applications and approaches that are ¿smart¿ and ¿resilient,¿ which, when combined, offer much more flexibility concerning the future of our cities. Consequently, this simple combination, which is producing sweeping changes around the globe, has attracted considerable attention from scholars and decision-makers alike.

This book serves the teachers, researchers and the students as a handy and concise reference as well as guidebook while designing and planning for use of the advanced technologies for crop improvement.The content of the book is designed to cover the latest genome engineering techniques for crop improvement. The conventional breeding has got its limitations such as non-availability of desired genes within the genepool. In many cases, breeding has been highly used and it has nearly reached its highest limit so far as the productivity and production of crops are concerned. However, with increasing need of food and decreasing resources, including water, land, labour, etc., to feed the growing population, the alternative available ways of increasing crop productivity need to be explored and exploited. Genome engineering has a wide scope that includes technologies such as genetic engineering and transgenesis, RNA technologies, CRISPR, cisgenics and subgenics for better productivity and more efficient biotic and abiotic stress management. Therefore, the book is planned to enlighten the readers with the advanced technologies with examples and case studies, whenever possible. Efforts will be made to emphasize on general efforts on various major food crops; however, it would also be made clear that such efforts could be taken as proofs of concepts and that this could be extrapolated keeping the demand in mind.

The book also presents three special nonlinear inverse problems in detail: the inverse spectral problem, the inverse problem of electrical impedance tomography (EIT), and the inverse scattering problem.

This book offers a resourceful collection of essays examining recent efforts to respond to the challenges of planning, management and conserving landscapes in contemporary Iran, the home of Persian gardens. Drawing on selected recent studies, the chapters discuss the following topics: The sphere of knowledge and theoretical bases, including a survey of recent and ongoing research;Persian gardens remaining from the 6th century BC to the 19th century AD, which have influenced garden design in a vast geographic domain extending from India to Spain;Management and conservation of cultural landscapes, historic urban landscapes (HUL), road landscapes, and natural landscapes in the face of changes in climatic conditions and livelihood practices affecting their delicate dynamic balance and functions essential to their distinctive character; and¿Historic Territorial Landscapes (HTL) formed and evolved along the Silk and Spice Roads as compositions of tangible and intangible elements resulting from movement, exchanges and dialogue in space and over time.The book is a useful resource for a range of academics and professionals, such as landscape architects and managers, landscape historians and conservationists, and urban planners and managers.

This book deals with issues and concerns for the human environment in the developing countries incorporating natural processes and systems, pollution removal technology, energy conservation, environmental impact assessment process, economics, culture, political structure and societal equity from a management point of view. Solutions to the emerging problems of the environment need a paradigmatic shift in approach from a process based model to a socio-political-economic model. Hence environmental management should involve equality and control over use of the finite natural resources and the balance between Earth¿s biocapacity and humanity¿s ecological footprint. Changes such as green technologies, human population stabilization and adoption of ecologically harmonious lifestyles are absolutely essential and will require redesigning of political institutions, policies and revisiting forgotten skills of sustainable practices of environmental management. These challenges should centre on environment governance using the concepts of common property, equity and security.This book is relevant for academics, professionals, administrators and policy makers who are concerned with various aspects of environment management and governance.

This book provides an overview of air quality in Albania evaluated by moss biomonitoring and metals atmospheric deposition. It is based on the concentration data onto 51 elements in moss samples collected during 2010/2011 moss biomonitoring survey conducted at the same time with European moss biomonitoring survey. The elements under investigation were determined by using ICP-AES and ENAA analytical techniques. Moss species Hypnum cupressiforme (Hedw) sps., a carpet-forming bryophyte, was used as bioindicator of trace metal atmospheric deposition. The goal of this study was to identify factors leading to the high levels of trace metals in at-mospheric deposition in Albania, to identify the risk factors and the origin of trace metals in atmos-pheric deposition. It may help the policy makers and regulators to take proper decisions to protect the public health and the environment. The distribution pattern of the elements was visualized by using the geographic information system, GIS 10.2.The predicted trends of the distribution were calculated by using time series (linear model) and the areas with high concentration of certain met-als were suggested for monitoring and to be under control.