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This thesis describes how the rich internal degrees of freedom of molecules can be exploited to construct the first ¿clock¿ based on ultracold molecules, rather than atoms. By holding the molecules in an optical lattice trap, the vibrational clock is engineered to have a high oscillation quality factor, facilitating the full characterization of frequency shifts affecting the clock at the hertz level. The prototypical vibrational molecular clock is shown to have a systematic fractional uncertainty at the 14th decimal place, matching the performance of the earliest optical atomic lattice clocks. As part of this effort, deeply bound strontium dimers are coherently created, and ultracold collisions of these Van der Waals molecules are studied for the first time, revealing inelastic losses at the universal rate. The thesis reports one of the most accurate measurements of a molecule¿s vibrational transition frequency to date. The molecular clock lays the groundwork for explorations into terahertz metrology, quantum chemistry, and fundamental interactions at atomic length scales.

This book presents a comprehensive framework for developing Industry 4.0 and 5.0 solutions through the use of ontology modeling and graph-based optimization techniques. With effective information management being critical to successful manufacturing processes, this book emphasizes the importance of adequate modeling and systematic analysis of interacting elements in the era of smart manufacturing.The book provides an extensive overview of semantic technologies and their potential to integrate with existing industrial standards, planning, and execution systems to provide efficient data processing and analysis. It also investigates the design of Industry 5.0 solutions and the need for problem-specific descriptions of production processes, operator skills and states, and sensor monitoring in intelligent spaces.The book proposes that ontology-based data can efficiently represent enterprise and manufacturing datasets.The book is divided into two parts: modelingand optimization. The semantic modeling part provides an overview of ontologies and knowledge graphs that can be used to create Industry 4.0 and 5.0 applications, with two detailed applications presented on a reproducible industrial case study. The optimization part of the book focuses on network science-based process optimization and presents various detailed applications, such as graph-based analytics, assembly line balancing, and community detection.The book is based on six key points: the need for horizontal and vertical integration in modern industry; the potential benefits of integrating semantic technologies into ERP and MES systems; the importance of optimization methods in Industry 4.0 and 5.0 concepts; the need to process large amounts of data while ensuring interoperability and re-usability factors; the potential for digital twin models to model smart factories, including big data access; and the need to integrate human factors in CPSs and provide adequate methods tofacilitate collaboration and support shop floor workers.

This book explores modern approaches to sustainability and its measurement. It thoroughly reviews a wide range of existing sustainability measurement systems. Accordingly, the book documents the state of progress toward sustainability measurement by first assessing the past development of wellbeing measurement going beyond GDP and synthesizing the various conceptual approaches to sustainability and its dimensions. It then explores crucial methodological aspects that stay at the core of constructing a sound index system. In the main part of the book, we map the available indices or index systems, their conceptual and methodological backgrounds as well as approaches, which have not yet resulted in an index, but have the potential to contribute to a better understanding of sustainability. More specifically, the book assesses the scope, motivation, and potential usage of each index. It also documents their limitations and drawbacks. This mapping exercise is useful for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners as it offers a detailed and compact overview of where we are and what we still need to account for when measuring sustainability.

This book provides a clear picture of how computational processes are gradually permeating and innovating the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction sector, contributing to sustainability and aesthetic evolution. It achieves that by gathering a collection of accounts shared by pioneering professionals involved in this innovation, drawing from recent academic studies, ongoing experimental processes conducted in cutting-edge architectural and engineering offices, as well as innovative industrial applications. The covered subjects span a wide range, including artificial intelligence and robotic manufacturing, the metaverse and 3D printing, strategies to counter CO2 consumption through plug-ins, as well as emerging materials and construction techniques. The chapters feature authors who are pioneers and embrace roles like software developers, architects, process engineers, academics, and forward-thinking entrepreneurs. They represent authoritative references within a broader interconnected cultural and technological system; an eclectic system that finds in computational processes the key to addressing the new challenges of contemporary architecture.

This book provides insights into current research topics of powertrains for the next generation of electric vehicles as well as related vehicle components (e-axles, transmissions, brake systems, etc.). Further, as the interaction with the charging infrastructure becomes more and more important, also the topic charging is discussed in detail. Finally, communication and control not just within the vehicles but also with the infrastructure are needed and are treated in this book.Chapter ¿Towards digitalisation of the charging value chain¿ and Chapter ¿Definition of a set of indicators for the EV impact assessment¿ are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Robotic research and developments in computing technologies including artificial intelligence have led to significant improvements in autonomous capabilities of robots. Yet, human supervision is advisable and, in many cases, necessary when robots interact with real-world, outside-lab environments. This is due to the fact that complete autonomy in robots has not yet been achieved. When robots encounter challenges beyond their capabilities, a viable solution is to include human operators in the loop, who can support robots through teleoperation, taking complete control or shared control. This monograph focuses on a special form of shared control, namely mixed-initiative, where the final command to the robot is a weighted sum of the commands from the operator and the autonomous controller. The weights (fixed or adaptive), called authority allocation (AA) factors, decide who has more control authority over the robot. Several research groups use different methods toadapt the AA factors online and the benefits of adaptive mixed-initiative shared control have been well established in terms of task completion success and operator usability. However, stability of the overall shared control framework, with communication time-delays between the operator and the robot, is a field that has not been examined extensively. This monograph presents methods to improve performance and stability in shared control so that the possibilities of its applications can be widened. Firstly, methods to improve the haptic feedback performance of teleoperation are developed. Secondly, methods to stabilize adaptive shared control systems, while still ensuring high teleoperation performance, are proposed. The methods are validated on multiple robotic systems and they were applied in several projects, both in space and terrestrial domains. With the aforementioned contributions, this monograph provides an overarching framework to improve synergy between humans and robots. The flexibility of the framework allows integration of existent teleoperation and shared control approaches, which further promotes synergy within the robotics community.

This book explores a dynamic landscape where cutting-edge technologies are revolutionizing various domains. This captivating book delves into the advancements in security, communication, and environmental management, highlighting their profound impact on society. The developments bridge the gap between human needs and technological innovation. Readers will uncover the fascinating world of IoT-driven devices that seamlessly integrate into our lives, ensuring enhanced safety and communication efficiency. This book is a must-read for technology enthusiasts, researchers, and anyone curious about the transformative power of technology in shaping our present and future.

How will the world's largest population approach its inequality challenges? This volume addresses this question by unraveling different strands of India's emerging health and gender geographies. It is the first book to offer a comparative study of these disparities in India, stressing the deep interaction between health challenges and patriarchal features. Most themes explored in this book illustrate the entangled nature of the social and regional determinants of gender and health imbalances in India.Through its rich cartography of contemporary India, the book represents the first Atlas exploiting district-level figures drawn from the latest sociodemographic survey conducted in 2019-21. After an initial methodological synopsis, the book is built around twenty chapters¿illustrated by 75 original maps, figures, and tables prepared by thirty authors¿and concludes with a synthesis of India's spatial patterns. Chapters engage with major themes of gender and health inequalities and explore an array of innovative indicators such as access to menstrual hygiene, cesarean deliveries, health insurance, son preference in fertility, female landownership, patrilocal systems, hypertension, anemia, hysterectomy, girl-only or single-child families, or traditional contraception. Together, they provide an often surprising glimpse into the present and future of India's gender and health landscape, highlighting the considerable progress accomplished over the last two decades alongside persistent gaps and emerging issues.

This book presents the iterative beauty of fractals and fractal functions graphically with the aid of MATLAB programming. The fractal images generated using the MATLAB codes provide visual delight and highly encourage the fractal lovers for creative thinking. The book compiles five cutting-edge research chapters, each with state-of-the art fractal illustrations. It starts with the fundamental theory for the construction of fractal sets via the deterministic iteration algorithm. Incorporating the theoretical base, fractal illustrations of elementary fractal sets are provided with the explicit MATLAB code. The book gives examples of MATLAB codes to present the fractal surfaces.This book is contributed to all the research beginners as well as the professionals on the field of fractal analysis. As it covers basic fractals like Sierpinski triangle to advanced fractal functions with explicit MATLAB code, the presented fractal illustrations hopefully benefit even the non-field readers. The book is a useful course to all the research beginners on the fractal and fractal-related fields.

The book discusses the evolution of STEM-driven Computer Science (CS) Education based on three categories of Big Concepts, Smart Education (Pedagogy), Technology (tools and adequate processes) and Content that relates to IoT, Data Science and AI. For developing, designing, testing, delivering and assessing learning outcomes for K-12 students (9-12 classes), the multi-dimensional modelling methodology is at the centre. The methodology covers conceptual and feature-based modelling, prototyping, and virtual and physical modelling at the implementation and usage level. Chapters contain case studies to assist understanding and learning. The book contains multiple methodological and scientific innovations including models, frameworks and approaches to drive STEM-driven CS education evolution.Educational strategists, educators, and researchers will find valuable material in this book to help them improve STEM-driven CS education strategies, curriculum development, and new ideas for research.

The Sun, Energy, and Climate Change conveys one central idea ¿ that we can utilize energy without continuing to harm the planet by increasing our reliance on energy from the sun. This accessible guide stresses the sun¿s importance as our ultimate energy source by focusing on climate change from an energy perspective and explains the naturally balanced energy transfer from the sun to the earth and society¿s consumption of this energy. This book is for anyone worried about environmental damage from our reliance on fossil fuels and the global fight against climate change. The key message being we do not have to accept the inevitable and can work to prevent the worst.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanical distinctions between fretting damage under axial or bending external forces and fretting damage under a torsional load. It emphasizes the importance of studying practical accident cases to efficiently acquire technical skills. The book is structured around the fundamental technologies of material science, tribology, and mechanics, which are vital for understanding and addressing technical issues. The author has incorporated all fretting countermeasure technologies, which were previously often sensory and empirical in nature, and repositioned them as technologies grounded in fundamental principles. The book proposes an economical approach to product operation that maintains reliability by integrating not only design technology but also maintenance practices.It delves into specific materials, such as titanium alloys and aluminum alloys, which have seen increased use for weight reduction in industries like aerospace.In this book, ¿Critical Distance Stress Theory¿ that can easily derive the fatigue limit and fatigue life of the stress singular field at the contact edge was presented. As a result, the fretting fatigue strength and life can be predicted from the same FEM stress analysis as the normal stress concentration part.And finally, introducing a novel fretting mechanical model, the book focuses on scenarios where pressure force (N) and repeated tangential force (F) are applied to two planar objects, with the tangential force being transmitted solely through friction at the contact surface. This model finds relevance in turbine blade connection structures, among other applications. The author references Asai's research example, which encompasses fretting mechanical analysis, fretting wear evaluation, fatigue assessment, and structural damping evaluation using this model.

This book intends to focus exclusively on anamorphic experiments in contemporary art and design, leaving an in-depth historical examination of its Baroque season to other studies. Themes, languages and fields of application of anamorphosis in contemporary culture are critically analyzed to make the reader aware of the communicative potentiality of this kind of geometrical technique. The book also has the aim to teach the reader the most appropriate geometric techniques for each of them, in order to achieve the designed illusion. Each typology of anamorphosis is accompanied in this book by contemporary installations, a geometrical explanation by means of 3D models and didactic experiments carried on in collaboration with the students of the Department of Architecture in Naples.

With one volume each year, this series keeps scientists and advanced students informed of the latest developments and results in all areas of the plant sciences. This latest volume includes reviews on plant physiology, biochemistry, genetics and genomics, forests, and ecosystems.

This collection of essays sheds light on repair as a disposition to material culture and a practice rooted in diverse sociocultural experiences. It provides an in-depth exploration of how repair manifests itself through the different lenses of governance, grassroots activism, transformative design and community-led initiatives. Most importantly, the chapters demonstrate how place-based approaches can reveal blueprints for social impact in circumstances of growing environmental and social precariousness.

This book is an indispensable guide for executives, programme leaders, and business owners on maximising value from automation and digital transformation. It provides a real-world journey map of automation, from RPA through to intelligent automation, with a focus on practical strategy and management principles intended to help seize the trillions of dollars that are still being left on the table by companies that have not yet made this leap. Though grounded on the research and advisory work of the author team, this book offers clear eyed, easy to read advice for avoiding the ¿transformation bog¿ where many organisations find themselves, struggling to maintain their strategy in an environment that feels increasingly dynamic and confusing. This book is not blinded by the brilliant new technology and hones in on what works and what distracts. It provides a total value of ownership framework for navigation and identifies seven core digital capabilities required for success. Ultimately a book for realists rather than digital idealists, it will be a vital resource for professionals who must chart a course to verifiable business performance improvement through digital enterprise empowerment amid often conflicting priorities.

Focusing on the attitudes and experiences of American female diplomats and spouses, this book examines the social, political, and cultural dimensions of American interactions with the Middle East and North Africa in the five decades after the Second World War. A turbulent period, marked by conflicts associated with the Cold War and decolonization, it was also characterized by changing attitudes to women at odds with those in Moslem societies. The impact of those changes is explored throughout this book, principally drawing on personal oral histories included in the 'Frontline Diplomacy' collection, but reinforced by cables passing between regional U.S. embassies and the State Department in Washington DC.

This brief is a concise guide that explores the theory and practical aspects of improving enantioselectivity in enzymatic kinetic resolution, with a specific focus on the role of hydrolases in this process. Enzymatic kinetic resolution is a valuable technique for obtaining enantiopure compounds, and hydrolases are highlighted as a crucial class of enzymes widely used in industries for chiral synthesis involving kinetic resolution. The book emphasizes the importance of tuning and optimizing the enzymatic kinetic resolution process to achieve the highest possible enantiomeric excess in the final product or starting material while maintaining the desired yield. Through illustrative examples, the text aims to make the concept accessible and appealing to graduate students, researchers, and young organic chemists seeking to incorporate hydrolases in their stereoselective synthesis endeavors.

This book offers a unique perspective on doctoral supervision in southern Africa, showcasing the potential of scholarly reflection. The aim is to share the benefits with a wider audience, catalyzing the use of scholarly literature in global doctoral supervision. By drawing on the field's literature, it fosters informed and systematic reflection to transform supervision. With a focus on deep development and affordability, this book presents a model that enhances the quality of doctoral graduates. It builds on collaborative work and analysis of supervision experiences, engaging with key literature and exploring facets of practice. Through personal exemplifications, authors highlight complexities and commonalities across cultural contexts, inspiring systematic improvement in supervision.A valuable resource for academics, researchers, and practitioners involved in doctoral supervision, this book provides evidence-based insights and creative approaches to pedagogy. It encourages the systematic enrichment of doctoral supervisors worldwide.

This volume examines the growing presence of populism, partisanship, and polarization and analyzes what this means for scandalization processes. While politics appears to have entered a mode of perpetual crisis and growing dysfunctionality, the rapid succession of scandals may be a symptom of this crisis and its catalyst at the same time. The book provides a better definition of political scandals and discusses from an interdisciplinary and critical scientific perspective how such scandals are relevant to political developments and how they impact public discourse and media practices. International experts from various subfields of communication studies, political communication research as well as related disciplines contribute to the volume with conceptual, empirical, and methodological approaches which reflect on political scandals and the role of media and/or communication. Presenting a unique perspective and providing a first in-depth insight into the relationship between polarization, partisanship, populist communication, and scandalization, the book will appeal to students, researchers, and scholars from different disciplines, as well as practitioners and policy-makers interested in a better understanding of political scandals, their impact on public discourse and political developments, and their catalyzation through media and communication.

This edited collection brings together interventions on the geographies of tourism in pandemic times approached from a biopolitical perspective. Whilst the ¿management of bodies¿ has always been a constitutive part of tourism and its spatialities, the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted the emergence of entirely new ¿states of exception¿ and emergency regimes, geared towards tight restrictions and control over the mobility and embodied practices of millions of travelers and tourists. Debates in tourism over the ¿politics of life¿, now more than ever, ought to concern health and wellbeing for both individuals and selected populations, not in the least because tourism has provided in many instances the socio-spatial conditions for the virus to spread. This book intends to show how a biopolitical analytical framework may provide a set of insights and critical perspectives that are key to the understanding of contemporary tourism practices and regimes of mobility, security, and in/exclusion ¿ particularly in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic.

This open access edited book investigates European social rights in practice from socio-legal perspectives. It brings together fourteen socio-legal scholars, representing Nordic and Western European countries, who analyse different aspects pertaining to European social rights, namely the regulation of social rights, encounters between welfare professionals and citizens, and citizens¿ mobilisation of social rights. These three different aspects from the structure for the sections in the anthology, each analysing transformations related to regulation, encounters and rights mobilisation. The book contributes to the existing literature as it focuses on interdependent transformations on macro, meso and micro levels which are key for understanding processes and contexts related to European social rights in practice. It speaks particularly to academics in sociology of law and/or regulation.

This book is an outcome of collaborative efforts of a multidisciplinary team of scientists. The core objective of this book is to provide cross-sectoral information on the different aspects of the terrestrial environment and ecosystems of Kuwait. The book will be considered as a ready source of information for those seeking information on the terrestrial environment and ecosystems, assessment and restoration, as well as sustainable uses and management. In spite of Kuwait¿s hyper-arid environment, it is rich in natural resources including a wide range of native plants, animal species, different habitats, protected areas, diversified soils and water and oil resources. While the desert of Kuwait constitutes various features, such as sand sheet, sand dunes, nebkhas, inland and coastal sabkhas, rock outcrop, wadis and farming areas, it is rich in flora and fauna (native plants, mammals, birds, reptiles, etc.). Due to changing climate, deserts of Kuwait as well as other countries are under severe threat of degradation and the degradation may be irreversible. To realize these impacts, an effort is being made to provide a ready source of information to highlight the potential threats to the terrestrial ecosystems and formulate adaptation and mitigation strategies for long-term ecosystems services in Kuwait as well as other countries located in a desert environment, such as Gulf Cooperation Council Countries, Africa and countries in the Arab region. The book includes sixteen chapters covering multidiscipline subjects (such as natural resources, climate and climate change, geographical features, terrestrial habitats, ecosystems and threats, water and soil resources, agriculture, food security, water-energy-food-climate nexus, green-grey-blue water footprints of various crops, etc.). Thus, this book is a unique resource that provides the latest scientific information in a single volume.

This book seeks to explore the potential and actual value of parliamentary debates as a source of legislative justification. Drawing on a sample of recent Spanish legislation, the papers collected here analyse (critically) the rationale of several laws or legislative measures as it can be reconstructed from the respective parliamentary discussions. All issues covered have given rise to intense political, legal and social controversy: they range from the combat against gender violence, the legal status of bullfighting, the protection of crime victims and the so-called ¿push-backs¿ at the border, to the regulation of euthanasia, the minimum living income, underage girls¿ access to abortion, and joint child custody. The volume is organised into two main parts. The first group of case studies adopt a legisprudential perspective and examine parliamentary deliberations in the light of the theory and methodology of legislative justification; the contributions in the second part followapproaches that fall outside ¿ but are largely compatible with ¿legisprudence, and deal with aspects such as the rhetorical strategies employed by MPs when debating bills, and the role of elected legislators as constitutional interpreters.

The main theme of the book is the presentation of techniques used to identify chaotic behavior in the evolution of conservative mechanical systems and their application to astronomical systems. It results from graduate courses given by the author over the years both at university and at several international summer schools.Along the book surfaces of section, Lyapunov characteristic exponents, frequency maps, MEGNO, dense grid maps, etc., are presented and discussed in connection with the applications. The initial chapter is devoted to the presentation of the main ideas of the chaotic dynamics of conservative systems in plain language so that they can be accessible to a wide range of professionals and students of physical sciences. The applications are mainly related to the motions in the solar system and extrasolar planetary systems.Another chapter is devoted to the applications to asteroids showing how the asteroidal belt is sculpted by chaos and resonances. The contrasting existence of gaps in the distribution of the asteroids and groups of asteroids in resonances is thoroughly discussed. The interest in applications to planetary systems is growing since the discovery of systems of resonant planets around some stars of the solar neighborhood. Exoplanets added a lot of cases to a problem that was before restricted to the planets of our solar system. The book includes an account of results already existing about compact systems.

This book examines the intellectual ideas that underpin our understanding of capitalism. Framing these debates through the work on John Stuart Mill and Joseph Schumpeter, the development of democracy and its relationship with capitalism is explored to provide insight into the rationality of individuals and the distribution of power. By analysing the evolution of economic systems, ideas relating to democracy, capitalism, liberalism, competition, and elites are also defined.This book aims to inform current economic and political debates and to highlight new forms of democracy and capitalism. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in the political economy and the history of economic thought.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 56th International Conference onAsia Pacific Advanced Network, APANConf 2023, held in, Colombo, Sri Lanka,during August 24¿25, 2023.The 10 full papers and 1 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed andselected from 37 submissions. They are organized in topical sections as follows: artificial intelligence and machine learning, accelerated computing and distributed systems and communications and networking.

This book provides valuable information and practical insights regarding preparing for and pursuing a successful faculty career. It offers essential guidance through sequential chapters that consider the various stages of a successful faculty career, including what faculty members need to know with respect to each lesson and the role of each topic in contributing to career success. Each lesson also provides useful career guidance regarding things that faculty members should do as well as avoid doing during each stage of a faculty career. The book is designed to serve as an essential learning tool in related career preparation courses as well as a valuable self-study and reference source for faculty members. The unfortunate reality is that most graduate programs do not provide essential career guidance regarding the roles and responsibilities of becoming and succeeding as a faculty member. The phrase ¿hidden curriculum¿ has been used to describe this unfortunate reality. New faculty members often discover that they are expected to know so many essential things once they become a faculty member. The mission of this book is, therefore, to contribute to the success of readers throughout their careers as faculty members and enhance their ability to meet and exceed the expectations of their students, institution, and other stakeholders. The various lessons are designed to enhance faculty success throughout one¿s career as well as the meaningfulness and pleasure of one¿s faculty career.

This book showcases recent trends in brain-computer interface development. It highlights fascinating results in areas such as language decoding, spinal cord stimulation to enable gait and to restore hand functions. The contributions are based on the 12 nominated brain-computer interface projects of the BCI Award 2022. Every year an international jury selects the most innovate BCI projects and nominates 12 projects before selecting the 1st, 2nd and 3rd place winners. In the book, each project is described in detail by the team of scientists behind it, and the editors provide a concluding discussion of the highlights and overall progress in the field.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Rough Sets, IJCRS 2023, held in Krakow, Poland, during October 5¿8, 2023.The 43 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 83 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Rough Set Models, Foundations, Three-way Decisions, Granular Models, Distances and Similarities, Hybrid Approaches, Applications, Cybersecurity and IoT.