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The biological activity of mycotoxins ranges from weak and/or sometimes positive effects, such as antibacterial activity (see penicillin derivatives derived from Penicillium strains) to strong mutagenic (e. Sections are arranged according to mycotoxin classes (e. aflatoxins) and/or structural classes (e.

The main topics treated are: ischemia & hemorrhage, trauma (experimental and clinical), cerebral hemorrhage, tumor, hydrocephlaus & intracranial pressure (ICP), neuromonitoring & neuroimaging, treatments, blood brain barrier, and miscellaneous.

Sphingolipids are lipid components of the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells with an important function in signaling mechanisms in the cell. The function of Sphingolipids in cell signaling with regard to infectious and lung diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders are described and treated in distinct parts.

The classical problem of free material design is shown to be reducible to a locking material problem, even in the multiload case.

Sphingolipids are lipid components of the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells. This book on sphingolipids provides insights into the basics of sphingolipid biology and drug development, with a particular emphasis on the sphingolipid derivative ceramide.

The articles in this volume cover the various options of the optimal management of brain tumors, vascular lesions, and functional disorders. They provide a good balance between microneurosurgery and radiosurgery, presenting also alternative surgical and radiosurgical treatment options with discussions on their advantages and disadvantages.

This book follows the concept of perceiving the entire aorta as one functional organ assuming that all individual pathologies and local interventional procedures affect the up- and downstream segments with consequences for complications and disease progression.

Many pathogens and aberrant malignant cells express unique carbohydrates on their surface representing attractive targets for vaccine design. Considerable progress has recently been made in the identification of novel carbohydrate based vaccines and a large number has reached clinical phase studies. The success of several licensed carbohydrate based vaccines against bacterial pathogens such as Haemophilus influenzae type b, Neisseria meningitidis or Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrates their great potential. However, the study of anti-carbohydrate antibodies is technically challenging and partly because of low affinities and promiscuous specificity they have not been medically exploited to full potential. The study of antibody specificities and identification of protective carbohydrate epitopes lies at the heart of successful vaccine design. In addition to therapy, antibodies in general serve as diagnostic tools in medical and scientific laboratories. In this setting high affinity and exquisite specificity are important factors for their successful use. ¿Anticarbohydrate Antibodies ¿ from molecular basis to clinical application¿ compiles current knowledge on the immunological recognition of carbohydrates by the adaptive immune system from a molecular perspective providing fundamental insight needed for advancing clinically relevant diagnostics and therapeutic applications. Based on significant progress in the fields of glycoimmunology and structural biology in recent years, the book comprehensively reviews the state-of-the-art in defining the key elements of carbohydrate recognition by antibodies, the molecular mimicry of carbohydrate epitopes as well as the molecular features leading to specific and relaxed binding modes. Backed-up by a combination of modern technologies to elucidate structural details of carbohydrate-antibody interactions, biomedically important carbohydrate antigens from viral, bacterial, parasite, insect and tumor cells have beenanalyzed in in-depth reviews written by well-known experts in the field. Fundamental knowledge of these molecular mechanisms eventually provides a rational basis to improve efficacy of carbohydrate-based vaccines and to further refine diagnostic tools in detection of pathogens and malignant cells.

Using detailed drawings collected during the author's decades of neurosurgical experience, this atlas illustrates the anatomical structures and topography of the internal and external cranial base essential to transnasal endoscopic surgical approaches.

Femoral neck fractures occur primarily in the elderly population, and nowadays arthroplasty is chosen most frequently as a treatment solution.

This book details current knowledge of chronic clonal myeloid diseases. Emphasis is laid on chronic myeloid leukaemia and classic myeloproliferative disorders as well as myelodysplastic syndromes, oligoblastic leukemias and overlap diseases.

The book addresses all major aspects to be considered for the design and operation of aircrafts within the entire transportation chain. It provides the basic information about the legal environment, which defines the basic requirements for aircraft design and aircraft operation.

This book explores the challenges of early childhood motor and perceptual development in children with fragile skin characteristic of Epidermolysis bullosa. The authors are occupational therapists who offer a combination of pediatric and functional treatment.

This book explores the potential role of space-based systems in global risk and disaster management. The text introduces the proposed international global natural and industrial emergency aerospace monitoring system (IGMASS), its architecture and function.

This book covers modeling approaches used to describe strain in silicon. The subband structure in stressed semiconductor films is explored in devices using analytical k.p and numerical pseudopotential methods. Includes a rigorous overview of transport modeling.

New high-resolution crystal structures of functional ribosome complexes and cryo-EM structures of translating ribosomes are presented, while partial reactions of translation are examined in structural and mechanistic detail, featuring translocation as a most dynamic process.

The induction of antigen-specific immune responses after in vivo transfection with expression plasmids has triggered a revolution of vaccine research.

Recent advances towards the computational identification of regulatory RNAs and their targets are included and particular attention is paid to small RNA in pathogenic bacteria.

This volume compiles the perspectives of a multi-author team examining the entire spectrum of burn reconstruction and long-term treatment.

These congenital deformities, funnel or keel chest deformities, as well as Poland syndromes, affect a small group of patients who suffer from aesthetic rather than functional impairment.

Although cardiac surgery has made an enormous progress during the last decades, the discipline has to cope with essential changes: Patients are increasingly cared for by cardiologists and therefore referred to the surgeon in a later stage of disease.

Anemia, a frequent complication of cancer and its treatments, produces unwanted symptoms and significantly impairs metabolic and physiologic functions, as well as patients' activity, quality of life and even life expectancy.

Autoimmune disorders of the skin remain an enigma for many clinicians and scientists not familiar with these mostly severe and chronic diseases.

The editors, distinguished clinicians and geneticists, assembled an internationally renowned group of collaborators, many of them the experts who first described a particular disorder or established its present accepted definition.

It consists of four sections with 48 chapters: Section I: Anatomy, physiology, imaging and general principles, Section II: Biliary tract surgery, Section III: Liver surgery and Section IV: Liver transplantation.

This book provides an introduction to the principles of both cardiovascular epidemiology and molecular pathophysiology;

Surface Engineering constitutes a variety of processes and sub processes.