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The First International Symposium on "Pain and Kampo (Japanese Herbal Medicine)" took place in Tokyo in October, 1992. In China, traditional herbal medicine has been used for more than 3000 years while in Japan, its use has been documented for more than 1000 years, albeit with some changes to the original Chinese formulations.

The major topics in our book include molecular biology of the five known hepatitis viruses (HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, and HEV), clinical implications of genetic variants of HBV and HCV, interferon treatment of HCV-related liver disease, and worldwide epidemiology and control of viral hepatitis.

The earth where we live is the only planet of our solar system that holds a mass of water we know as the ocean, covering 70.8% of the earth's surface with a mean depth of 3,800 m. When using the term ocean, we mean not only the water and what it contains, but also the bottom that supports the water mass above and the atmosphere on the sea surface.

With contributions by numerous experts

Pathologic myopia that is due to axial elongation causes thinning of the retina and choroid, especially in cases of posterior staphyloma. The result of this myopia is the development of various kinds of chorioretinal atrophy in the posterior pole, with a gradual progression of the atrophic changes extending over several decades.

Since the 1st Yamaguchi Symposium on Liver Diseases in 1989, this series of symposia has provided opportunities for exchanges of information on the topic between leading Japanese hepatologists and internationally renowned scientists. The 12th symposium was held on December 9 and 10,2000, at the ANA Hotel, Ube, Japan.

Gasps, sighs, and yawns are recognized by even a casual observer as involuntary expressions of emotion through the "medium" of respiration. In recent years, scientific observation has focused on sensation and behavior as researchers investigate the relation of emotion and stress in disorders such as asthma, hyperventilation, and panic disorder. Until now, however, the interplay of psychological factors and physiological responses has not been approached from the interdisciplinary perspective reported in this book. Brought together here is the work of physiologists, psychologists, and researchers in behavioral medicine, together with - for the first time - specialists and practitioners of traditional Japanese arts and culture. Knowledge of the art and control of breathing, which are essential features of such disciplines as Zen and Noh, opens a new and until now unexplored path for scientists seeking to understand the relation between respiration and emotion.

Lake Baikal in eastern Siberia is a crucial site for detecting long-term global changes, owing to its high sensitivity to climatic oscillation and its extraordinarily long history. Based on the study by the Baikal Drilling Project, this book provides information on global climatic and environmental changes for as much as 12 million years.

This volume is the first attempt to summarize and highlight all known aspects of immunoglobulin-like receptors, providing a topical overview of the roles and characteristic features of the immunoglobulin-like receptors and related molecules in the immune system.

The 5th International Symposium on Artificial Heart and Assist Devices, January 26-27, 1995, Tokyo, Japan

At the International Meeting of the Psychometric Society in Osaka, Japan, more than 300 participants from 19 countries gathered to discuss recent developments in the theory and application of psychometrics.

Throughout society the explosion of information technologies is changing how we work and live. This book contains a collection of 36 papers selected from more than 110 high quality presentations at the 2000 International Conference on the Information Society in the 21st Ceptury (IS2000).

Together with its two companion volumes, Biomechanics: Functional Adaptation and Remodeling and Computational Biomechanics, the Data Book on Mechanical Properties of Living Cells, Tissues, and Organs is a timely and valuable contribution to the rapidly growing field of biomechanics.

This book introduces an innovative technology creation system that embraces the way nature works. Featuring discussions based on current global environmental issues, it provides many examples of Nature Technology in action.

This book contains the proceedings of the International Symposium on the Mechanisms of Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants, where many plant and animal reproductive biologists gathered to discuss their recent progress in investigating the shared mechanisms and factors involved in sexual reproduction.

Full of fresh insights into the potential for developing sustainable economies, this book includes a chapter on 'platinum' societies and shows how consumers' demand for quality will foster sustainable technologies in developed, and developing, countries.

Detailed protocols for analyzing DNA strand breaks, specific RNA/DNA expressions, and DNA binding proteins such as transcription factors at the individual cell level. It describes in situ nick translation and TUNEL in detail, along with radioactive and non-radioactive methods for in situ hybridization.

This volume of the Keio University International Symposia for Life Sciences and Medicine contains the proceedings of the 14th symposium held under the sponsorship of the Keio University Medical Science Fund.The fund was established by the generous donation of the late Dr. Mitsunada Sakaguchi. The Keio University International Symposia for Life Sciences and Medicine constitute one of the core activities sponsored by the fund, of which the objective is to contribute to the international community by developing human resources, promoting scienti?c knowledge, and encouraging mutual exchange. Each year, the Committee of the International Symposia for Life Sciences and Medicine selects the most signi?cant symposium topics from applications received from the Keio medical community. The publication of the proceedings is intended to publicize and distribute the information arising from the lively discussions of the most exciting and current issues p- sented during the symposium.On behalf of the Committee,I am most gra- ful to the late Dr. Sakaguchi, who made the series of the symposia possible. We are also grateful to the prominent speakers for their contributions to this volume.In addition,we would like to acknowledge the ef?cient organizational work performed by the members of the program committee and the staff of the fund. Naoki Aikawa, M.D., D.M.Sc., F.A.C.S.

The incidence of myopia continues its rapid rise worldwide, and although the mechanism has not been fully clarified, there has been a significant increase in knowledge of the condition in recent years.

With contributions by numerous experts

It is with great pleasure that we here present Artificial Heart 4 (proceedings of the 4th international symposium on artificial heart and assist devices). Artificial heart 4 consists of the papers presented in nine sessions: Oral Presentations A to E, Forums 1 to 10, and nine lectures by invited guest speakers from the United States and Europe.

East Asia, with its large, fast-growing population and rapid industrialization, is an important area for global environmental problems, both in terms of the generation of greenhouse gases and the effects of any change in crop yields.

However, aquatic genomics is now in the limelight as evidenced by the recent accomplishment of fugu genome sequencing, which provided a significant foundation for comparative fish genomics.

This book offers detailed coverage of the vestibular system, from basic anatomy and physiology of vestibular organs, to mechanism of balance and motor function development, to clinical aspects of vestibular disorders including evaluation and pediatric neurology.

Many complex sphingolipids, as well as simpler sphingoid bases and derivatives, are highly bioactive as extra- and intracellular regulators of growth, differentiation, migration, survival, senescence, and numerous cellular responses to stress.

This book focuses on core design and methods for design and analysis. It is based on advances made in nuclear power utilization and computational methods over the past 40 years, covering core design of boiling water reactors and pressurized water reactors, as well as fast reactors and high-temperature gas-cooled reactors.

When I entered the field of allergy in the early 1970s, the standard textbook was a few hundred pages, and the specialty was so compact that texts were often authored entirely by a single individual and were never larger than one volume.

When I entered the field of allergy in the early 1970s, the standard textbook was a few hundred pages, and the specialty was so compact that texts were often authored entirely by a single individual and were never larger than one volume.

This book presents new theory and empirical studies on the roles of cognitive workload and fatigue on repeated financial decisions.