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This book helps clinicians and postgraduate students to better understand the evidence in orthodontics and to use an evidence-based approach in their clinical practice. The book is written in a question-and-answer style, and each question is answered according to the hierarchy of evidence. At the end of each answer, an interpretation of the included systematic reviews, randomized clinical trials, or other studies is summarized and critically reviewed to give a better understanding of the evidence. This book covers a wide range of clinical topics, such as the treatment of Class II and Class III malocclusion, molar distalization, impacted canines, maxillary expansion, and temporary anchorage devices. Valuable material is provided on root resorption, white spot lesions, and orthodontic retention. As the book is written in Q&A style, it would be helpful to find the most relevant question without going through the whole chapter. The book includes the most asked questions aboutclinical orthodontics in discussions and will be a great help for orthodontist to defend their seen and unseen cases in exam.

This book is useful to flow assurance engineers, students, and industries who wish to be flow assurance authorities in the twenty-first-century oil and gas industry.The use of digital or artificial intelligence methods in flow assurance has increased recently to achieve fast results without any thorough training effectively. Generally, flow assurance covers all risks associated with maintaining the flow of oil and gas during any stage in the petroleum industry. Flow assurance in the oil and gas industry covers the anticipation, limitation, and/or prevention of hydrates, wax, asphaltenes, scale, and corrosion during operation. Flow assurance challenges mostly lead to stoppage of production or plugs, damage to pipelines or production facilities, economic losses, and in severe cases blowouts and loss of human lives. A combination of several chemical and non-chemical techniques is mostly used to prevent flow assurance issues in the industry. However, the use of models to anticipate, limit, and/or prevent flow assurance problems is recommended as the best and most suitable practice. The existing proposed flow assurance models on hydrates, wax, asphaltenes, scale, and corrosion management are challenged with accuracy and precision. They are not also limited by several parametric assumptions. Recently, machine learning methods have gained much attention as best practices for predicting flow assurance issues. Examples of these machine learning models include conventional approaches such as artificial neural network, support vector machine (SVM), least square support vector machine (LSSVM), random forest (RF), and hybrid models. The use of machine learning in flow assurance is growing, and thus, relevant knowledge and guidelines on their application methods and effectiveness are needed for academic, industrial, and research purposes.In this book, the authors focus on the use and abilities of various machine learning methods in flow assurance. Initially, basic definitions and use of machine learning in flow assurance are discussed in a broader scope within the oil and gas industry. The rest of the chapters discuss the use of machine learning in various flow assurance areas such as hydrates, wax, asphaltenes, scale, and corrosion. Also, the use of machine learning in practical field applications is discussed to understand the practical use of machine learning in flow assurance.

This book provides a new approach by examining gender and the transition to parenthood by using the actor partner interdependence model. Unlike other books which focus on the individual perspective of becoming a parent (especially for mothers), this book examines how couples and individuals successfully navigate this important life passage. This book covers a mix of psychological and sociological studies on the transition to parenthood. Readers will learn about the affective, behavioral, and cognitive aspects of this transition in early 21st century America and how it has changed in the past three decades. The book is aimed at graduate students, researchers and professionals who are interested in an interdisciplinary approach to this most formative passage in adult life. By bringing together past and current research, this book tells the story of becoming parents in 21st century America from his, her, and their points of view. Actor-partner interdependence model approachAffective, behavioral and cognitive processesBroad review of gender and the transition

Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors which anchor cells to different extracellular matrix proteins or act as cell-cell receptors. They play pivotal roles not only across a wide range of physiological processes including tissue morphogenesis, wound healing, and regulation of cell growth, but also in numerous pathological conditions such as autoimmunity, infectious disease, and carcinogenesis. This book aims to provide readers a summary of the most important integrins and their respective biological functions. Readers will learn about knockout- and animal models to study the functionality of key collagen-, laminin-, and nephronectin-binding integrins. Additionally, the role of integrins in pathological tissue remodeling in joints and in developing and diseased cardiac tissue are discussed. Reviews of the current knowledge of the role of integrins in tissue and tumor fibrosis, angiogenesis and tumor progression are an important part of this work. Finally, the bookdiscusses integrins in the context of the immune system, how to target integrin-ligand interactions with antibodies, and the role of integrins as receptors for bacterial and viral cell invasion. Both experienced researchers and clinicians, as well as PhD students who wish to study the extracellular matrix and cell adhesion molecules will find "Integrins in Health and Disease - Key Effectors of Cell-Matrix and Cell-Cell Interactions" authoritative, easily accessible, and vastly informative.The series Biology of Extracellular Matrix is published in collaboration with the American Society for Matrix Biology and the International Society for Matrix Biology.

This books presents a documentation and resulting perspectives regarding James Lovelock's multidisciplinary evolution theory. It looks at past and current climate changes and their consequences, including detailed accounts of the global warming. The connection between climate trajectories and extreme weather events, including tropical and arctic fronts, cyclones, fire storms, tropical storms, acidification, tsunami, floods, sea level rise, are referred to in connection with recent developments. The book updates earlier accounts regarding extreme weather events and mass extinctions.The book "The Trials of Gaia" is published in honour of the late Professor James Lovelock (26 July 1919 - 26 July 2022), the father of the Gaia theory.

This monograph addresses the complexity of China-Africa and Japan-Africa relations from a comparative perspective. The volume is divided into five sections. Section I focuses on the divergent perspectives that are reflected in the discourse on China-Africa relations. Section II discusses Japan's economic modernization and its potential lessons for Africa. Section III compares the foreign policies of Japan and China in Africa and analyzes their supposed rivalries on the continent. Section IV explores the relationship between Southeast Asia and China and its relevance to Africa-China relations. Section V provides an in-depth case study of Ethiopia-China relations over the last century. The book fills a major gap in the existing literature on the triad of Africa, China, and Japan. Under the guidance of the disciplines of African studies, international relations, political sociology, and international political economy, this volume elucidates and examines the complexities of theforeign policies of the two Asian powers toward Africa as well as their economic, political, and cultural underpinnings.

This book of the series on "Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease" includes state-of-the-art information on the status of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the form of 24 chapters. This book has been organized into three sections: (i) General Implications of RAS in human health and Infectious Diseases, (ii) Lung, Liver and Kidney Diseases, and (iii) Development of Cancer. Each chapter has discussed comprehensive knowledge regarding the molecular and cellular aspects of the role of RAS in the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of different disease processes. Biochemical mechanisms associated with angiotensin II type 1 and type II receptors, and angiotensin (1-7) MAS receptors for the occurrence of both harmful and beneficial effects of prolonged activation of RAS in different diseases have been outlined. It is noteworthy to point out that different chapter in this book were prepared by recognized global expertise in the area of inflammation, oxidative stress and signal transduction pathways to highlight the role of RAS in different diseases. It is our sincere hope that this book will be of great interest to both biomedical investigators and health professionals as well as graduate students and postdoctoral fellows all over the world.

Especially after globalization, it can be seen that there is an increase in competition for almost all industries. In order to survive in such a competitive environment, companies have to take some actions to increase their competitive power and sustainability. Effective digital transformation is a significant way for companies to reach this objective. This book explores digital transformation strategy and digital business strategy together with digital innovation and digital learning, adaptability, and agility to illustrate the importance of information technology in business today. The book argues that effective digital management can be provided by increasing the quality in audit, internal control, corporate governance, transparency and improving effective marketing strategies. It touches on concepts such as digital diversity, digital privacy, digital literacy, the digitization of international logistics. This book also provides department specific (e.g., marketing, finance, HR) theories and applications of digital technology to guide companies in determining their specific strategies.

This textbook introduces physical geodesy. It treats the boundary-value theories of the discipline comprehensively, and provides insights to the theory of gravity reduction based on a spherical Earth model. This book is for students who wish to thoroughly understand the material and to expand their knowledge and skills in mathematics for more advanced study and research in this discipline. The details of mathematical derivations included are a useful asset for instructors and researchers.

The book integrates theory, numerical methods, and practical applications seamlessly. MATLAB and MathCad programs are provided for readers to master the theory, understand the approach, and to further develop and apply the methods to geological problems. Multiscale and multi-physics investigations of Earth and planetary processes have been an active trend of research in Earth Sciences, thanks to the development of scientific computation and computer software and hardware. Based on the author's research and teaching over the past 15 years, the book stands alone as the first comprehensive text in unifying fundamental continuum micromechanics theory, geometric/kinematic analysis, and applications. The book should appeal to a broad audience of students and researchers, particularly those in the fields of structural geology, tectonics, (natural and experimental) rock deformation, mineral physics and rheology, and numerical modeling of multiscale and coupling processes.

The manufacturing industry is a cornerstone of national economy and people's livelihood. It is the way of transforming resources into products or goods which are required to cater to the needs of the society. Traditional manufacturing companies currently face several challenges such as rapid technological changes, inventory problem, shortened innovation, short product life cycles, volatile demand, low prices, highly customized products, and ability to compete in the global markets. Modern manufacturing is highly competitive due to globalization and fast changes in the global market. This book reviews emerging technologies in manufacturing. These technologies include artificial intelligence, smart manufacturing, lean manufacturing, robotics, automation, 3D printing, nanotechnology, industrial Internet of things, and augmented reality. The use of these technologies will have a profound impact on the manufacturing industry. The book consists of 19 chapters. Each chapter addresses a single emerging technology in depth and describes how manufacturing organizations are adopting the technology. The book fills an important niche for manufacturing. It is a comprehensive, jargon-free introductory text on the issues, ideas, theories, and problems on emerging technologies in manufacturing. It is a must-read book for beginners or anyone who wants to be updated about emerging technologies.

This professional book offers a unique, comprehensive and timely guide on 3D audio recording. Intended for sound engineers and professionals, and summarizing more than twenty-year research on this topic, it includes extensive information and details on various microphone techniques and loudspeaker layouts, such as Auro-3D(R), Dolby(R) AtmosTM, DTS: X(R), MMAD, SONY 360 Reality Audio and Ambisonics. It presents a rich set of results obtained from both objective measurements and subjective listening tests, and a number of case studies for 3D recording, ranging from solo-instrument techniques to full symphony orchestra, and microphone systems for virtual reality applications. Further, it includes a chapter on spatial hearing discussing issues of 3D audio sound reproduction. All in all, this book offers extensive, practical information for sound engineers and professionals.

This book focuses on 'educating the sustainability leaders of the future' and will contribute to the further development of this fast-growing field. As the title suggests, it presents practical experiences related to education, research and extension, the so-called third mission, whereby universities conduct outreach to society as a whole (e.g. to local communities, organisations, industry, and other groups) with the aim of documenting such experiences and making them available to a wide audience. This book is produced by the European School of Sustainability Science and Research (ESSSR), through the Inter-University Sustainable Development Research Programme (IUSDRP) and contains inputs from authors from across all geographical regions. It gives a special emphasis to the participation of future generations on sustainability efforts. The book also discusses examples of initiatives coordinated by universities but involving civil society, the private sector, and public sector (including local, national, and intergovernmental bodies). In particular, it describes practical experiences, partnerships, networks, and training schemes for building capacity aimed at fostering the cause of sustainable development at institutions of higher education. Thanks to its design and the contributions by experts from various areas, it provides a welcome contribution to the literature on sustainable development, and it inspires further works in this field.

This book examines dominant discourses in values education globally. It critiques dominant discourses and debates pertaining to values education and cultural identity, set against the current backdrop of growing social stratification and unequal access to quality education. It addresses discourses concerning globalisation, ideologies and the state, as well as approaches to values education in schools. The book explores the ambivalent and problematic connections between the state, globalisation and values education. It also explores conceptual frameworks and methodological approaches applicable to research on values education, multiculturalism and identity politics. Drawing on diverse paradigms, ranging from critical theory to globalisation, the book focuses on globalisation, ideology and values education and critically examines recent research dealing with cultural diversity and its impact of identity politics. Given the need for a multiple perspective approach, authors from diverse backgrounds offer a wealth of insights, contributing to a more holistic understanding of the nexus between values education, multiculturalism and national identity. With contributions from key scholars worldwide, the book should be required reading for a broad spectrum of users, including policy-makers, academics, graduate students, education policy researchers, administrators and practitioners.

The book presents the proceedings of the 7th EAI International Conference on Management of Manufacturing Systems (MMS 2022), which took place in Krynica-Zdrój, Poland, 05-07 October 2022. The conference covers the management of manufacturing systems with support for Industry 4.0, logistics and intelligent manufacturing systems and applications, cooperation management, and its effective applications. Topics include RFID applications, economic impacts in logistics, ICT support for Industry 4.0, industrial and smart logistics, intelligent manufacturing systems and applications, and much more. The topic is of interest to researchers, practitioners, students, and academics in manufacturing and communications engineering.Presents the proceedings of the 7th EAI International Conference on Management of Manufacturing Systems (MMS 2022);Covers topics such as Industry 4.0, smart logistics, smart cities, and intelligent manufacturing;Relevant for researchers, academics, and professionals.

This book examines resource recovery and recycling from waste metal dust, including currently used techniques for waste processing and recycling and their applications, with practical examples and economic potentials of the processes. The focus of this book is on resource recovery by suitable treatments and techniques, including those of recovery by-products. For the first time, this book provides a comprehensive, one-stop reference including seminal principles and methods, the advantages and disadvantages of the processes discussed, and the economics of the technology. It will serve as a technical reference for working scientists and engineers, while serving as an educational reference to students studying the waste recovery of metals.

This book discusses the advances of artificial intelligence and data sciences in climate change and provides the power of the climate data that is used as inputs to artificial intelligence systems. It is a good resource for researchers and professionals who work in the field of data sciences, artificial intelligence, and climate change applications.

This contributed volume provides academic insights into the digital financial world. It illustrates the state-of-the-art research on financial technology and innovation with special focus on the impact in society. Technologies are not only door openers for the digital world, but they are also key drivers of change. These key drivers of digitalization, accelerating the pace, are literally forcing individuals to adapt. The authors discuss these dynamics and reflect on society's adaptability. The first part of the book focuses on cryptocurrencies as disruptive technology. It discusses the status quo, future trends and legal frameworks for virtual money. The second part of the book sheds light on value creation in a digitalized world. The authors discuss digital platforms and economic networks and the impact of digital dominance.

This book enables readers to understand, model, and predict complex dynamical systems using new methods with stochastic tools. The author presents a unique combination of qualitative and quantitative modeling skills, novel efficient computational methods, rigorous mathematical theory, as well as physical intuitions and thinking. An emphasis is placed on the balance between computational efficiency and modeling accuracy, providing readers with ideas to build useful models in practice. Successful modeling of complex systems requires a comprehensive use of qualitative and quantitative modeling approaches, novel efficient computational methods, physical intuitions and thinking, as well as rigorous mathematical theories. As such, mathematical tools for understanding, modeling, and predicting complex dynamical systems using various suitable stochastic tools are presented. Both theoretical and numerical approaches are included, allowing readers to choose suitable methods in different practical situations. The author provides practical examples and motivations when introducing various mathematical and stochastic tools and merges mathematics, statistics, information theory, computational science, and data science. In addition, the author discusses how to choose and apply suitable mathematical tools to several disciplines including pure and applied mathematics, physics, engineering, neural science, material science, climate and atmosphere, ocean science, and many others. Readers will not only learn detailed techniques for stochastic modeling and prediction, but will develop their intuition as well. Important topics in modeling and prediction including extreme events, high-dimensional systems, and multiscale features are discussed.

This book explores new methods, architectures, tools, and algorithms for Artificial Intelligence Hardware Accelerators. The authors have structured the material to simplify readers' journey toward understanding the aspects of designing hardware accelerators, complex AI algorithms, and their computational requirements, along with the multifaceted applications. Coverage focuses broadly on the hardware aspects of training, inference, mobile devices, and autonomous vehicles (AVs) based AI accelerators

This book presents a novel design framework for the development of Digital Twin (DT) models for process- and motion-control applications. It is based on system-data acquisition using cutting-edge computing technologies, modelling of physical-system behavior through detailed simultaneous simulation of different aspects of the system, and optimal dynamic behavior-matching of the process. The design framework is enhanced with real-time data analytics to improve the performance of the DT's behavior-matching with the real system or physical twin.The methods of creating a DT detailed in Digital-Twin-Enabled Smart Control Engineering make possible the study of a system for real-time controller tuning and fault detection. They also facilitate life-cycle analysis for multiple critical and dangerous conditions that cannot be explored in the corresponding real system or physical twin. The authors show how a DT can be exploited to enable self-optimizing capabilitiesin feedback control systems.The DT framework and the control-performance assessment, fault diagnosis and prognosis, remaining-useful-life analysis, and self-optimizing control abilities it allows are validated with both process- and motion-control systems and their DTs. Supporting MATLAB-based material for a case study and an expanded introduction to the basic elements of DTs can be accessed on an associated website. This book helps university researchers from many areas of engineering to develop new tools for control design and reliability and life-cycle assessment and helps practicing engineers working with robotic, manufacturing and processing, and mechatronic systems to maintain and develop the mechanical tools they use.

This edited volume analyzes how the COVID-19 crisis could be transformed into opportunities for those organizations that correctly interpret the change, adapt their strategies accordingly, and increase their chances of success in a post-pandemic scenario. Through this lens, the female role and contribution to recovery are analyzed and discussed in the economic, financial and social context.Even if many aspects set the COVID-19 crisis apart from the latest global financial crises - such as the unusual shutdown of businesses in specific sectors, social distancing regulations, and general uncertainty sparked by the pandemic - the challenges facing all organizations in the current recovery phase can present an opportunity for extraordinary growth and development in Europe. The focus of the contributions gathered here is not on "counting" the damages and losses but rather on monitoring the recovery and on emerging instruments to support national and global economic recovery, while payingspecial attention to women's role in it.

This book assesses the place of logic, mathematics, and computer science in present day, interdisciplinary areas of computational linguistics. Computational linguistics studies natural language in its various manifestations from a computational point of view, both on the theoretical level (modeling grammar modules dealing with natural language form and meaning and the relation between these two) and on the practical level (developing applications for language and speech technology). It is a collection of chapters presenting new and future research. The book focuses mainly on logical approaches to computational processing of natural language and on the applicability of methods and techniques from the study of formal languages, programming, and other specification languages. It presents work from other approaches to linguistics, as well, especially because they inspire new work and approaches.

The core of this three-volume book deals with damage-associated molecular patterns abbreviated "DAMPs", which are unique molecules that save life and fight for survival of all organisms on this planet by triggering robust inflammatory/immune defense responses upon any injury, including those caused by pathogens such as viruses and bacteria. However, these molecules also have a dark side: when produced in excess upon severe insults, they can trigger serious human diseases. The three volumes present current understanding of the importance of DAMP-promoted immune responses in the etiopathogenesis of human diseases and explore how this understanding is impacting diagnosis, prognosis, and future treatment. This third volume addresses the potential of DAMPs in clinical practice, as therapeutic targets and therapeutics, by focusing on a description of antigen-related diseases, which are pathogenetically dominated by DAMPs, that is, infectious and autoimmune disorders and allograftrejection (as an undesired function of these molecules), as well as tumor rejection (as the desired function of these molecules). The book is written for professionals from all medical and paramedical disciplines who are interested in the introduction of innovative data from modern inflammation and immunity research into clinical practice. In this sense, the book reflects an approach to translational medicine. The readership will include all practitioners and clinicians, in particular, ICU clinicians, infectiologists, microbiologists, virologists, hematologists, rheumatologists, diabetologists, neurologists, transplantologists, oncologists, and pharmacists. Also available: Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Human Diseases - Vol. 1: Injury-Induced Innate Immune Responses; Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Human Diseases - Vol. 2: Danger Signals as Diagnostics, Prognostics, and Therapeutic Targets.

This volume gathers the latest advances, innovations and applications in the field of sustainable construction materials and structures, as presented by leading international researchers and engineers at the 75th RILEM Annual Week (75RW 2021), held in Merida, Mexico on August 29 - September 3, 2021. It covers topics such as supplementary cementitious materials, durability and Life Cycle assessment in urban and marine conditions, additive manufacturing of concrete in construction, structural performance and design, non-Portland cements and Alkali activated cementitious materials and eco-concrete, cultural heritage, non-destructive testing techniques, bituminous materials, and construction materials (polymers, timber, bamboo, recycling and masonry). The contributions, which were selected through a rigorous international peer-review process, share exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster new multidisciplinary collaborations.

Maize is one of the most generally grown cereal crops at global level, followed by wheat and rice. Maize is the major crop in China both in terms of yield and acreage. In 2012, worldwide maize production was about 840 million tons. Maize has long been a staple food of most of the global population (particularly in South America and Africa) and a key nutrient resource for animal feed and for food industrial materials. Maize belts vary from the latitude 58° north to the latitude 40° south, and maize ripens every month of the year. Abiotic and biotic stresses are common in maize belts worldwide. Abiotic stresses (chiefly drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures), together with biotic stresses (primarily fungi, viruses, and pests), negatively affect maize growth, development, production and productivity. In the recent past, intense droughts, waterlogging, and extreme temperatures have relentlessly affected maize growth and yield. In China, 60% of the maize planting area is prone to drought, and the resultant yield loss is 20%-30% per year; in India, 25%-30% of the maize yield is lost as a result of waterlogging each year. The biotic stresses on maize are chiefly pathogens (fungal, bacterial, and viral), and the consequential syndromes, like ear/stalk rot, rough dwarf disease, and northern leaf blight, are widespread and result in grave damage. Roughly 10% of the global maize yield is lost each year as a result of biotic stresses. For example, the European corn borer [ECB, Ostrinianubilalis (Hübner)] causes yield losses of up to 2000 million dollars annually in the USA alone in the northern regions of China, the maize yield loss reaches 50% during years when maize badly affected by northern leaf blight. In addition, abiotic and biotic stresses time and again are present at the same time and rigorously influence maize production. To fulfill requirements of each maize-growing situation and to tackle the above mentions stresses in an effective way sensibly designed multidisciplinary strategy for developing suitable varieties for each of these stresses has been attempted during the last decade. Genomics is a field of supreme significance for elucidating the genetic architecture of complex quantitative traits and characterizing germplasm collections to achieve precise and specific manipulation of desirable alleles/genes. Advances in genotyping technologies and high throughput phenomics approaches have resulted in accelerated crop improvement like genomic selection, speed breeding, particularly in maize. Molecular breeding tools like collaborating all omics, has led to the development of maize genotypes having higher yields, improved quality and resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. Through this book, we bring into one volume the various important aspects of maize improvement and the recent technological advances in development of maize genotypes with high yield, high quality and resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses

This book offers a complete focus on the radiographic analysis of the abdominal wall and hernias. An estimated 20 million hernias are repaired annually throughout the world. As the technology utilized to complete hernia repairs becomes more complex, surgeons are required to have a more thorough understanding of the radiographic anatomy and diagnostic modalities used to evaluate hernias. Furthermore, the amount that now goes into the preoperative planning of hernias for complex repairs (such robotic and open transversus abdominis muscle release procedures) requires an understanding of radiology and the ability to identify nuances of anatomy offered by the imaging. The use of mesh and extent of re-do hernia repairs has also complicated radiographic evaluation of hernias. The text is a comprehensive review of abdominal wall imaging broken down into individual types of hernia. Each hernia type is discussed with consideration to the best type of imaging evaluation, unique radiographic findings and considerations prior to repair. Representative images, diagrams and videos are used to point out anatomy and features of the hernia. This text offers the first-of-its-kind standardized approach to evaluating hernias radiographically. Most importantly, each hernia and chapter is approached with the surgeon in mind, meaning, authors explain the radiology based on anatomy and with a plan for surgical repair on the horizon. Select chapters include illuminating videos to give context to the text. This is an ideal guide for practicing surgeons and trainees treating patients with hernias.

The book reviews clinical trial methodology as it pertains to drug development in psychiatry. The reader will understand the process of drug development in psychiatry from discovery through marketing with the help of clinically relevant examples. The reader will appreciate the history of drug development in psychiatry dating back to the era of serendipitous discovery and culminating in an era of new and highly focused targets. Readers will understand how drug development in psychiatry has changed and adapted with the discovery of novel mechanism of action drugs. Novel drugs and disease targets have changed the way developers and regulatory agencies think about clinical trial methodology.The book elucidates how biomarkers, genetics and advances in neuroscience and neuroimaging have influenced drug development approaches, which will ultimately change the practice of psychiatry. The book will be broken down into the following sections: a. Prior to the 1960s - Drug discovery by chance observationb. The last 50 years - refined targeting of CNS drugs without the discovery of mechanistically new drugsc. The future - the discovery and development of mechanistically new drugs. The examination of new targets, genetics and biomarkers.

"This book is a remarkable achievement" Gerd GigerenzerThis book offers practical approaches to working in a new field of knowledge - Civic Statistics - which sets out to engage with, and overcome well documented and long-standing problems in teaching quantitative skills. The book includes 23 peer-reviewed chapters, written in coordination by an international group of experts from ten countries. The book aims to support and enhance the work of teachers and lecturers working both at the high school and tertiary (university) levels. It is designed to promote and improve the critical understanding of quantitative evidence relevant to burning social issues - such as epidemics, climate change, poverty, migration, natural disasters, inequality, employment, and racism.Effective citizen engagement with social issues requires active participation and a broad understanding of data and statistics about societal issues. However, many statistics curricula are not designed to teach relevant skills nor to improve learners' statistical literacy. Evidence about social issues is provided to the public via print and digital media, official statistics offices, and other information channels, and a great deal of data is accessible both as aggregated summaries and as individual records. Chapters illustrate the approaches needed to teach and promote the knowledge, skills, dispositions, and enabling processes associated with critical understanding of Civic Statistics presented in many forms. These include: statistical analysis of authentic multivariate data; use of dynamic data visualisations; deconstructing texts about the social and economic well-being of societies and communities. Chapters discuss: the development of curricula and educational resources; use of emerging technologies and visualizations; preparation of teachers and teaching approaches; sources for relevant datasets and rich texts about Civic Statistics; ideas regarding future research, assessment, collaborations between different stakeholders; and other systemic issues.

This book describes the adoption process of TRIZ under challenging conditions and under serious limitations. It presents the integration of TRIZ with other techniques to solve problems in the Latin America industry. The chapters contain some industrial cases that explain the adoption process of TRIZ. They also describe the restrictions or limits on the use and adoption of TRIZ. This book describes a strategy to apply the TRIZ tools for product or service design. Case studies from different universities and enterprises are presented to facilitate the assimilation of the TRIZ concepts and tools.