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This book provides a roadmap for city-specific environmental health studies based on ambient air quality and measures of public health. Chapter one highlights the benefits of city-specific understanding toward the main goal of improving human health through knowledge and action. The book does not address environmental regulation, but rather focuses on the opportunities for individual cities to properly inform their residents of risks and concerns.

Compositional Data Analysis (CoDA) refers to the analysis of all those vectors representing parts of a whole which only carry relative information. This type of data is ubiquitous in most applications, especially in geology, chemistry, genetics, and environmental sciences. The last comprehensive treatment was written by John Aitchison in 1986, and this book represents an update of that classic book.

The aim of this textbook is to train new researchers in analyzing high-throughput omics data by building fundamental skills instead of focusing on technology or platform-specific features that change every few years. The authors seek a balance between breadth and depth in the broad field. The book contains many real examples to illustrate the methodological concept and biological relevance. Computer lab materials (data and hands-on programming code) are included along with homework exercises to provide real-world data analysis experiences.

This book explains and demonstrates with real and simulated examples how whole-genome information can be used for predicting complex traits, with applications in animal, human, and plant genetics. After giving a brief introduction, the book covers linear models and dimensionality, plus regularized regressions. It then progresses to the genomic best linear unbiased predictor, the Bayesian alphabet, reproducing Kernel Hiblert spaces regressions, penalized neural networks, and re-sampling methods. Lastly, it covers whole genome regression and population stratification.

Addressing issues of global change from an evolutionary perspective, this book is divided into four parts. It discusses the impact of climate change on the spatial distribution of plants; the means by which plants acquire resources in a changing environment; plant responses to predictable and unpredictable environmental conditions affecting resource availability; and the integration of currently disparate fields to provide the foundation for a new literature on how plants respond to a world changing faster than ever before.

Environmental criminology and its many sub-fields are increasingly becoming the focus of discussion among criminologists and criminal justice professionals. Many of the new courses being developed at universities through North America, Europe, and Oceania focus on geography of crime, geographic profiling, and crime prevention through environmental design. This work is one of the first works to specifically explore how the tenets of environmental criminology can be applied to modern urban design and crime analysis with the aim of creating safer and more secure communities.

While many know about the format of some of the typical 4-1-9 Nigerian scam letters, what is largely unknown is the organized nature of the network of criminals responsible for sending them. This book illustrates how these criminals are organized; how they operate, communicate, and transfer money; and why they are so successful. Based on the author¿s five-year investigation as a U.S. Federal Agent, the book draws on information from numerous sources and extensive victim interviews, as well as the actual words of the scammers to show an unbiased picture of how these criminals operate.

There has been a substantial amount of statistical research in adaptive clinical trials over the last two decades, yet few designs have appeared in the medical literature. This book covers the history of the development of these ideas by describing the ground-breaking publications and their subsequent impact. In each case, the book details examples using real studies to illustrate the ideas. Where it is necessary to introduce technical ideas these are provided in appendices so they don¿t interrupt the flow of ideas.

Recently, there has been a resurgent interest in ray tracing due to the capability of the GPU. Reflecting recent trends, this second edition uses Java as the language for writing the ray tracer. The authors explain all concepts and processes with the aid of hundreds of diagrams, ray-traced images, and sample code. A supporting website provides Java code and a Java version of the skeleton ray tracers. The text is suitable for computer graphics students as well as individual programmers who would like to learn ray tracing.

With an emphasis on social science applications, this introductory text shows how to perform quantitative analyses using R. Developed from the author's short courses, the book helps readers go from raw data to results in a timely manner. Topics are organized based on the logical order of adequate quantitative analysis. The book is suitable for novices with little analysis or programming experience as well as more experienced researchers transitioning to R.

This text covers life tables, survival models, and life insurance premiums and reserves. It presents the actuarial material conceptually with reference to ideas from other mathematical studies, allowing readers with knowledge in calculus to explore business, actuarial science, economics, and statistics. Each chapter contains exercise sets and worked examples, which highlight the most important and frequently used formulas and show how the ideas and formulas work together smoothly. Illustrations and solutions are also provided.

Exploring the challenging, interdisciplinary nature of nanotechnology through a life sciences filter, this book focuses on the applications of nanoscience and the engineering aspects of medical and biotechnological nanodevices. Divided into introductory, intermediate, and advanced sections, each chapter offers a succinct introduction, a detailed discussion of the topic at hand with illustrative examples, numerous figures and necessary equations, and a concise summary. Problem sets include exercises of varying difficulty as well as analytical and thought-provoking numerical problems.

Focusing on classical mechanics for performance, this work shows how applied mathematics is used in engineering areas. It explores the interplay between physical laws and mathematical methods as the basis for modeling natural phenomena and engineering devices. It discusses multilinear algebra, coordinate transformation, mass distributions, and tensors, covering numerous examples from particle physics, engine design, aeronautics, rigid body dynamics, and more. Each chapter includes problems and step-by-step solutions, encouraging readers to create their own mathematical-physical models.

In a consistent, coherent, and comprehensive presentation, this work emphasizes many analogies: how similar methods can be applied to analogous problems in different areas with their specific interpretations. It gives an overview of the mathematical modeling of physical phenomena and engineering processes, which is unified and includes interdisciplinary areas. The author covers interdisciplinary topics, combing several areas of physics, mixed technologies, and engineering. He explores the interplay between physical laws and mathematical methods as a basis for modeling natural phenomena and engineering devices.

First published in 2013. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

The Philosophy for Teens series offers an in-depth, teenager-friendly look at the philosophy behind everyday issues. The authors examine some of life's biggest topics, such as lying, cheating, love, beauty, the role of government, hate, and prejudice, in these casual and engaging books, written directly for and field-tested with teenagers.