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Since the wall dividing the Germanies came down, symbolically marking the end of the Cold War, three new movements have become clear in the strategic planning of the more powerful nations: (1) regional issues are supplanting global ones; (2) roles and missions for the armed forces are changing; (3) the balance between military and economic strength is shifting toward the economic. The United States is experiencing major changes in all three areas. With the third area in particular, U.S. planners urgently need new policies to exploit technological advantages in general, and the military uses of civil space in particular. Plowshares and Power offers a framework for creating such policy alternatives. It examines future possibilities in three military applications of civil space: remote sensing, communication, and navigation. In suggesting a new mix of strategies for each application, it finds a single common basis rooted in the changing balance of strength between the military and the economic-namely, export controls of new technology. It offers a detailed model as a standard for a new technology policy-one that would help create technology advantage, preserve it, and maintain control over technology transfer. Colonel Preston's work cuts through the complexities and uncertainties of the issues he addresses. His vision is to sustain our critical military advantage in advanced space technologies and, by so doing, maintain the powerful economic force of U.S. commercial growth in these technologies. He envisions a controlling strategy in which military power and economic power are not competitive with each other but synergistic. He offers an alternative to a long-standing policy of stringent control of the spread of space technologies through transfer, suggesting instead multilateral approaches that would strengthen the U.S. economy, control proliferation technology, and improve the overall security of the nation. Ervin J. Rokke Lieutenant General, USAF President, National Defense University

The present volume consists of six studies dealing with basic organizational problems of the ground forces. The first study concerns the antecedents of the Army Ground Forces, during the years 1940-42, as represented by General Headquarters, U.S. Army, from which the Army Ground Forces and its policies in respect to the organization and training of the ground troops developed. Given the limited objective inherent in the mission of the authors as members of the Historical Section, Army Ground Forces, the study of General Headquarters is not an exhaustive treatise on that organization, but emphasizes its exercise of those functions and activities which were later assumed by the Army Ground Forces. Nevertheless, such subjects as the activities of GHQ in planning and directing operations and the steps involving GHQ which led to the reorganization of the Army high command in March 1942 are included, not only to round out the picture, but also to contribute to the understanding of larger questions the information found in the records of GHQ. The next four studies in this volume give an account of the principal problems and decisions of the Army Ground Forces regarding the size, internal organization, and armament of the ground troops deployed in World War II. The last study explains the part played by the Army Ground Forces in the redeployment and reorganization of the ground forces for the final assault against Japan. The point of view represented in the studies is that of General Headquarters and of the Army Ground Forces, and only their decisions are fully documented. In general, research was carried beyond the records of these two organizations only so far as seemed necessary to explain their views and decisions. No effort was made to explore facts not known to them at the time when action was recommended or taken. It is recognized that a knowledge of other facts and circumstances is necessary for a balanced judgment of their recommendations and decisions, a knowledge which will be attainable only when the history of the war, and of the part played by the War Department and the U.S. Army in winning it, has been written.

This guide is designed to help you search for information in the wind energy field, ranging from its history and technology basics to the latest in research and development. It is written to help several audiences, including engineers and scientists who may be unfamiliar with a particular aspect of wind energy, university researchers who are interested in this field, manufacturers who want to learn more about specific wind topics, librarians who provide information to their clients, and anyone else who is interested in knowing more about wind energy technologies.

The primary purpose of this manual is to provide practical guidance for removal of underground storage tanks. The manual addresses site evaluation, monitoring, testing, removal, and site restoration. A secondary purpose is to provide information relative to remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater.

This manual describes available or preferred procedures or concepts of drilling and blasting conducted during rock excavation, in order to aid design and construction personnel in related matters. The manual is designed principally for the use of geologists and engineers who are given responsibilities in drilling and blasting projects. Such responsibilities may come either in the design or the construction phase.Contents:IntroductionMechanics of BlastingExplosives and their PropertiesDrillingBasic Surface Blasting TechniquesModifying Blasting Techniques to Fit Geological ConditionsDamage Prediction and ControlDrilling and Blasting in Rock Excavation by Contract

Low Altitude Air Defense (LAAD) Gunner's Handbook, complements and expands on the information in Low Altitude Air Defense Handbook, by providing information on tactics, techniques and procedures and employment of the Stinger weapon system for the LAAD gunners.

Dr Kline's book, Speaking Effectively, is an essential resource for anyone faced with any kind of speaking situation. It contains hints, anecdotal examples, and the accumulated wisdom of decades of speaking experience. John is highly regarded in government, religious, and corporate circles and widely in demand because he is a great speaker and because he can help anyone communicate more effectively. He brings that expertise forward in a way that both teaches and entertains.First published in 1989 and currently in its fourth printing, Speaking Effectively teaches speakers throughout the Air Force and in other federal agencies the art of captivating an audience. From preparation of your talk through delivery, this straightforward book takes you step-by-step through the stages of effectively developing and presenting briefings, lectures, and speeches.This book includes such essential principles of effective delivery as speaking clearly, at the fight pace for your audience and subject, and loud enough for all to hear, but not too loud. Yet it also covers less obvious, but equally essential, principles such as a speaker's nonverbal signals, which can make or break a presentation. I strongly recommend Dr Kline's book whether you are a novice or an experienced speaker. It will help the novice begin developing time-proven speaking techniques, and it will help more experienced speakers continue perfecting the skills needed to grab and hold an audience. Jay W. Kelley Lieutenant General, USAF Commander, Air University

Tsiolkovsky, in elaborating his idea of a safe dirigible, critically examined all the known attempts at dirigible design and found them inadequate from the point of view of safety. He rigorously defined the essential reliability requirements for the guidance of inventors and designers and offered his own original design for an all-metal dirigible.Instead of merely designing an airship of no matter what kind, so long as it would fly, from the very outset Tsiolkovsky set himself the most difficult task, that of designing a vehicle that would be ideal from every point of view: safe, simple, operationally convenient, and economic.A pioneering Russian aeronautical theorist and writer, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky is the father of the Soviet space program. He built the first wind tunnel and solved fundamental problems about space travel, such as use of liquid rocket fuel, long before such activity was feasible. Although he was unappreciated in his lifetime, Sputnik's launch was made to coincide with his centennial.

The changing picture of bird populations throughout the year intrigues those who are observant and who wish to know the source and destination of these birds. While many species of fish, mammals, and even insects undertake amazing migratory journeys, birds as a group are the most mobile creatures on Earth. Even humans with their many vehicles of locomotion do not equal some birds in mobility. No human population moves each year as far as from the Arctic to the Antarctic with subsequent return, yet Arctic Terns do.Birds are adapted in their body structure and physiology to life in the air. Their feathered wings and tails, bones, lungs and air sacs, and their metabolic abilities all contribute to this amazing faculty. These adaptations make it possible for birds to seek out environments most favorable to their needs at different times of the year. This results in the marvelous phenomenon we know as migration --the regular, recurrent, seasonal movement of populations from one geographic location to another and back again.

CONTENTSThe Controversy about CreationThe Struggle over Our Genealogical TreeThe Controversy over the SoulErnst Haeckel (1834-1919) received a thorough university education, and in 1862 became Professor of Zoology at Jena. He was the first outspoken Darwinian in Germany. He developed especially the theory that the history of the embryo follows the history of the race to which it belongs. Von Baer had made the first step in the theory, but Haeckel extended it and did much to prove its general truth. His investigations on the lower classes of marine organisms are classical.

Weather modification, although a relatively young science, has over the years stimulated great interest within the scientific, commercial, governmental and agricultural communities. This is an extremely thorough and scholarly report prepared by the Congressional Research Service in 1978. Substantial material on almost all areas of weather modification are included and the report provides an excellent reference source. The study reviews the history, technology, activities, and a number of special aspects of the field of weather modification. Consideration is given to international, legal, economic, and ecological aspects. There are also an introductory chapter which includes a summary of issues, a chapter discussing inadvertent weather and climate modification, and a chapter summarizing recommendations from major Federal policy studies.

Wirt collected original recollections from Patrick Henry's contemporaries, starting in 1805 and ending in 1814. This very lively and often humorous biography was originally published in 1817.

Originally published in 1856, these narratives were collected by Boston abolitionist Benjamin Drew (1812-1903), whose trip through Canada was sponsored by the Anti-Slavery Society of Canada and by John P. Jewett, the publisher of Uncle Tom's Cabin. In 1852 the colored population of Upper Canada was estimated to be thirty thousand. Of this large number, nearly all the adults, and many of the children, had been fugitive slaves from the United States. Harriet Tubman was one of the interviewees for this book.

CONTENTSIntroductoryBook I. The Youth FroebelChapter I. Early SchoolingChapter II. Froebel at JenaChapter III. In Pursuit of a VocationBook II. The Schoolmaster FroebelChapter I. Froebel as Teacher and PupilChapter II. Froebel as PrincipalChapter III. The Principal DethronedChapter IV ExpatriationBook III. The Kindergardner FroebelChapter I. The Kindergarden ConceivedChapter II. The Kindergarden RealizedChapter III. The Kindergarden PropagatedDenton J. Snider was Co-founder of the Chicago Kindergarden College.

CONTENTSIntroductionAbout Myself and My WorkAutobiographyThe Pavilion FiguresMy Work during the WarThe Gorky Monument in MoscowSpeeches On Art and SculptureDecorative Monuments in CitiesImages and Themes in Decorative SculptureList of Sculptures by Vera MukhinaNotes

Originally published in the Soviet Union, this book consists of three parts: Marine Fluid-Pressure Mechanisms, Specialized Auxiliary Machinery, and Shipboard Systems. Each part deals with the principles and fundamentals of the theory, design, and operation of a definite group of auxiliary machinery. The theory involved is presented on a level which enables the reader to understand the operation of the machines, to evaluate their operational characteristics, to make verifying calculations and select machinery for specific cases, and also to properly analyze new designs and master their operation. The author regards the theoretical, design and reference material presented as the basis for carrying out normal operation and maintenance of auxiliary machinery, but not as a source providing information on their design or complete calculation. The first part of the book is concerned with reciprocating, rotary, centrifugal, propeller and jet pumps, fans and fluid drives. The second part considers only specialized auxiliary machinery. The third part contains all necessary information on shipboard systems and the special systems of ice-breakers and tankers.

The stories are not neatly rounded off into consequential and purposive stories. The incidents follow almost haphazard; and at the end, the persons mentioned at the beginning may be forgotten; the stories are often almost as casual as real life. The stories relate experiences in succession, attempt no judgment, do not even affirm their own credibility. Things simply happen; our exertions may sometimes be good; we can only be quietly resigned. But, unlike the Arabian Nights, there is no positive fatalism; for that would imply a judgment; a warping of facts to suit a theory. These stories have been translated direct from the Russian of Afanasev; the selection is intended to represent, as completely as possible, the varieties of Russian folk-tale. As far as an analytic language, like modern English, can render so highly inflected a tongue as Russian, the translator has tried to keep strictly to the style and diction of the originals, which are the undoctored traditional stories.

Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) was an English philosopher, best known for his scientific writings. Together with Charles Darwin and Thomas Huxley he was responsible for the acceptance of the theory of evolution. His well-known essay on Education: Intellectual, Moral and Physical was considered one of the most useful and profound books written on education. He projected a vast 10-volume work, Synthetic Philosophy, in which all phenomena are interpreted according to the principle of evolutionary progress. Although no longer influential in biology, his extension of his theory of evolution to psychology and sociology remains important. His "Social Darwinism" was particularly influential on early evolutionary economists such as Thorstein Veblen. As subeditor of the Economist (1843-53), Spencer was an influential exponent of laissez-faire. His early book Social Statics (1851) was strongly tinged with an individualistic outlook.

ContentsThe First SettlementsEarly Experiences of the SettlersPreparatory Work of the SettlerTravelling ConveniencesWays and Means of CommunicationSocial and Industrial Conditions Some Phases of Early Country LifeSome Phases of Early Social LifeHome Surroundings Household AppurtenancesClothing and DressDomestic IndustriesDomestic and Farm WorkFarm WorkCo-Operative GatheringsEarly PastimeCountry AmusementsCourtship and MarriageFarm ScenesCountry ScenesForest Life

Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) was an English philosopher, best known for his scientific writings. Together with Charles Darwin and Thomas Huxley he was responsible for the acceptance of the theory of evolution. His well-known essay on Education: Intellectual, Moral and Physical was considered one of the most useful and profound books written on education. He projected a vast 10-volume work, Synthetic Philosophy, in which all phenomena are interpreted according to the principle of evolutionary progress. Although no longer influential in biology, his extension of his theory of evolution to psychology and sociology remains important. His "Social Darwinism" was particularly influential on early evolutionary economists such as Thorstein Veblen. As subeditor of the Economist (1843-53), Spencer was an influential exponent of laissez-faire. His early book Social Statics (1851) was strongly tinged with an individualistic outlook.

CONTENTSIntroductionCanadaQuebecFranceGermany [Federal Republic]Great BritainJapanScandinavian Countries

An autobiography covering his career, his literary work, involvement with the Chino-Japanese War, the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, the Three Power Intervention of 1895, the negotiations for the conclusion of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, the Franco-Japanese Agreement of 1907, the Russo-Japanese Convention of 1907, the American-Japanese Agreement of 1908, foreign policy (to bribe or not to bribe), and more.

Originally published in 1912, the present volume is an English translation of a handbook of architectural styles, well known and appreciated in Germany. Its claims rest partly on the comprehensive range which the author has taken, and the large amount of information which he has been able to condense into small compass; but chiefly in the fact that a familiar subject is here looked at from what, at least to the English readers, may now be called an almost new point of view. The view is essentially that of an academic and classical professor, and one brought up not only in familiarity with the best examples of ancient art, but with the habit of mind which occurs to classic and especially to Greek originals, both as a standard of taste and as models for the architectural treatment of modern works. The range of the book is extensive, and its numerous illustrations, which include many of great beauty, are from well-known examples. It is sufficiently minute and exact to be valuable as a handbook to the professional student; but it is at the same time so free from burdensome technicalities that it will probably interest many cultivated non-professional readers to whom architecture is a subject with which they would gladly gain a certain amount of familiarity.

The autobiography of the noted photographer, reporter and social reformer. His famous book, How the Other Half Lives, described slum conditions in New York City at the end of the 19th century. This book also deals in part with conditions in New York. Illustrated with numerous photos and drawings.

The author, an expert on the history of ancient Rome, presents his ideas about the greatness and weakness of the Roman empire. The lectures, "seem to concern themselves with very different subjects. On the contrary, they present three different aspects of the one, identical problem - the struggle between the Occident and the Orient - a problem that Rome succeeded in solving as no European civilization has since been able to do, making the countries of the Mediterranean Basin share a common life, in peace. How Rome succeeded in accomplishing this union of Orient and Occident is one of the points of greatest interest in its history." The book contains the following chapters: "Corruption" in Ancient Rome, and its Counterpart in Modern History The History and Legend of Antony and Cleopatra The Development of Gaul Nero Julia and Tiberius Wine in Roman History Social Development of the Roman Empire Roman History in Modern Education

The story of American slave trading, from its early beginning in 1619 to its end with the hanging of the last slaver in 1862. In this carefully researched history, John R. Spears, an American naval historian, tells of ship-owners who crammed 500 or more human beings into holds so filthy that half of them died before the voyage ended, of captains who chained their human cargo to the anchor and threw them into the sea to avoid being taken with "evidence. " Chapters on the first slaver pirate to be executed in the United States, the forming of the law that followed Amistad's voyage, "that a man may take another life if his liberty is at stake." Lots of facts showing the gain involved and the dreams of a slave state, the sham efforts to stop slavery and the real ones, fanatical bigots - who they were and how they stood to profit. "The facts about the overcrowded ships and brutal masters in the odious traffic in African slaves."

Acupuncture and moxibustion are therapeutic methods characteristic in traditional Chinese medicine. They have a recorded history of more than 2,000 years. This book elucidates vividly and concisely the beginnings and development of these methods. It also describes how Chinese medical workers, following Chairman Mao's teachings, explore the legacy of Chinese medicine and achieve new breakthroughs in this branch of medical science. Acupuncture anaesthesia is also covered.

The economies of the industrialized counties are being reshaped by the rapid development and diffusion of advanced information and communications technologies. Access to information is unprecedented, and the ability to process and exchange information has helped businesses increase efficiency and households raise their standards of living. There has been considerable agreement as to the broad features of the emerging information economy. But there has been less consensus on the likely magnitude and significance of the economic effects or on the important policy issues raised by these developments. The Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City sponsored a symposium, "Economic Policy for the Information Economy," at Jackson Hole, Wyoming, on August 30 - September 1, 2001. The symposium brought together a distinguished group of central bankers, academics, and financial market experts to examine how the information economy will alter the structure of economic activity. The symposium also served as a forum for addressing key policy challenges resulting from the information age changing the microeconomic and macroeconomic structure of the U.S. and foreign economies. We hope these proceedings will contribute to a better understanding of how the information economy will alter the structure of economic activity. Thomas M. Hoenig President Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City