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Clausewitz observed of Russia that "it was a country which could be subdued only by its own weakness and by the effects of internal dissension. In order to strike these vulnerable spots of its body politic, Russia would have to be agitated at the very center." In reading this study, the military student will realize how dearly the Germans had to pay for ignoring Clausewitz's advice. The purpose of this study is to describe German planning and operations in the first part of the campaign against Russia. The narrative starts with Hitler's initial plans for an invasion of Russia and ends at the time of Germany's maximum territorial gains during the battle for Stalingrad. The material for this study was obtained from Germany military records now in the custody of The Adjutant General, Department of the Army. Monographs by former German general officers who had an active part in the planning and operations provided additional information. The authors of these monographs, prepared for the Historical Division, United States Army, Europe, include Generaloberst Franz Halder, Chief of Staff of the German Army from 1938-1942; Generaloberst Gotthard Heinrici, a former corps, army, and group commander on the Russian front; and several others. The study was written by George E. Blau of the Special Studies Division, Office of the Chief of Military History. In his presentation, the author made every effort to give an objective account of Germany's initial efforts to conquer Soviet Russia in World War II.

In the chapter, "What Is Anarchism?" social revolutionary Parsons explained how his strain of anarchist socialism derived its name and purpose from the Greek words for "no" and "government." Albert R. Parsons (1848-1887), former Confederate soldier, American anarchist and Haymarket martyr, was one of the four hanged for his alleged involvement in the bombing in Chicago's Haymarket Square on May 4, 1886. Albert, was one of the Haymarket martyrs, those labor and anarchist leaders fighting for an eight-hour day who were unfairly tried and hung for their role in police riots on May 3, 1886. Albert was not even present at the meeting where a mysterious bomb killed a police officer. The last lines in this book were written as he was being taken from his cell to the gallows. He met his wife, Lucy, in 1870 and they were soon married, in violation of laws against "race-mixing." She was born in Texas during the Civil War to parents who were likely slaves; she had Black, Mexican and American Indian roots. Lucy was among the organizers of the attempted strike in 1886 that led to the bombing, and she continued to be active in the radical wing of the labor movement until her death in 1942. May Day, International Workers Day, celebrated every May 1, commemorates the Haymarket martyrs and the struggle of all working people.

Reprinted from the 9th edition of 1896, the reference is extensively illustrated with examples, packed with names, definitions and descriptions. Parker's most popular, if not his most profound, work. It includes fresh ideas on Saxon architecture, an article on stained glass by Willement, and (like most of Parker's writings) is charmingly - and accurately - illustrated by Jewitt. John Henry Parker was born in London in 1806. An English scholar, he was interested in the history of architecture and in restoration. After a period spent in Rome, Parker entered the field of classical archaeology. In 1868 he founded the British and American Archaeological Society of Rome. In 1870 he was elected director of the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford. He died there in 1884.

Airmen Against The Sea is a study of how military personnel survived under emergency conditions in the sea. It is not a water survival manual, but is a factual report of what happened to men who bailed out or ditched at sea, and whose only refuge for days on end was a rubber liferaft. Under such topical headings as bailout versus ditching, survival equipment, the liferaft, food, hazards, injuries, morale, and many others, the experiences of the survivors themselves are emphasized. The result is a new and fresh insight into the problems of survival at sea which will be of interest to all those who fly over water, and of particular value to those concerned directly with rescue operations, with water survival training, and with the development of survival material. Dr. George A. Llano, project officer for this study, has had first-had knowledge of survival at sea. He survived for 2 days on a liferaft in the Straits of Florida, and during World War II was engaged in field-testing sea survival equipment and liferafts for the USAF Air Proving Ground Command.. Dr. Llano consulted numerous sources in compiling factual information on the actions and activities of successful survivors.

A comprehensive study, contents include; The Hungarian People, The Middle Ages, Lyric and Dramatic Poets before 1848, Michael Vorosmarty, John Arany, The Reformation, The Age of Decadence, The Classical School, The Novel, Teleki and Madach., and much more At the time of original publication Frederick Riedl, Ph.D., was Professor of Hungarian Literature at the University of Budapest.

Generals of the Ardennes is not a conventional history of the Battle of the Bulge, but a study of US command leadership at different levels during that fiery December of 1944 when a German offensive against the center of the American lines threatened to split the massed Allied Armies. It shows how US commanders from Eisenhower himself down through Army Group, Army, Corps, and Division commanders met the heavy burdens of leadership in the crucible of that bloody winter. Amid the countless books in many languages that tell and retell the history of the Battle of the Bulge, this one is unique in its focus on American generalship during those epic and decisive weeks that turned the tide of World War II in Europe. For that reason, it stands as both a significant history and an important document for the study of command and control.

A substantial number of inmates confined in our state and federal prisons face outstanding charges in other jurisdictions. Typically, those other jurisdictions will file "detainers" against such inmates. A detainer is a request by the demanding state that its law enforcement authorities be notified by the confining state when the inmate's sentence in the confining state is about to expire. The notification gives the demanding state sufficient time to extradite the prisoner to its jurisdiction if it chooses to prosecute him on the outstanding charge. Prisoners subject to detainers have often had to suffer disabilities because of the detainers and have often experienced difficulty in arranging for speedy trials on their outstanding charges. Recently, there has been considerable legal activity regarding the law of detainers, and the current state of the law is elaborate and complex. The following materials discuss the legal contours of the detainer problem, and explore the way in which the legal process has responded to the difficult issues posed. Hopefully, the materials may shed some light on this murky area and may be of particular use to inmates subject to detainers and to the lawyers and law students representing them. Originally published by the U. S. Department of Justice in 1973, this work includes much information that is still useful for prisoners and their lawyers today.

An early account of the Aztecs and their culture, based in part on the Codex de Mendoza. Biart's purpose for this work was to educate readers unfamiliar with the history of the Aztecs, yet he anticipated some criticism from academic circles: "..as Acosta has been accused (and not without reason, it is true) of having tranquilly copied Duran and Tezozomoc, who in turn had copied the anonymous author of the manuscript known as the "Codex Ramirez".., I am anxious to forestall all accusation of this sort. I therefore confess to my readers that I was compelled - a necessity which historians cannot escape - to imitate, amplify, reduce, commentate, translate, and remold such passages in the writings of the fathers in the history of New Spain as might aid me in my undertaking.. I could have invented.. but I have not done so, recalling that one of the kings of the Colhuas decreed that inaccurate historians should be punished with death."

This reprint of the 1985 architectural classic discusses a technology that offers an important alternative to conventional construction, having unique properties that make it useful for certain applications. Due to improvements in materials, structural analysis, and environmental control, these structures can often be considered permanent buildings. The membrane is the principal structural component of a tensioned fabric structure. Under certain circumstances, a tensioned fabric structure can reduce energy consumption in a building. The natural light from the translucent surface reduces requirements for artificial lighting, the reflectivity of the skin reduces heat gain, and the radiation of waste heat from the warm fabric surface to cool sky results in an energy-efficient building in warm climates. In cold climates, a second skin or liner is often used, often with glass fiber insulation in the cavity to further reduce heat loss. In general, as permanent structures, tensioned fabric technology is underutilized. There are many projects or parts of projects that could employ this system.

This 1977 report prepared for the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the United States Senate relates much of the history that affects international relations today. For the United States, access to secure supplies of foreign oil has become an increasingly vital policy goal with the decline of domestic production and our growing dependence on oil imports. This study evaluates the relationships between the United States and Saudi Arabia and the United States and Iran in terms of their contribution to access to oil.

Poet, essayist, and literary historian, John Addington Symonds (1840-1893) delved into every field of the humanities, writing the celebrated Renaissance in Italy and publishing translations of the Autobiography of Benvenuto Cellini and the Sonnets of Michelangelo and Campanella; he wrote biographies of Shelley, Sidney, and Jonson, and collaborated with Havelock Ellis on a number of projects in sexology. He is remembered for his untiring efforts to loosen the restraints on homosexuals in England, and his Memoirs are the only diary of a Victorian homosexual of his stature. "There is an interval of more than thirty years between the earliest of the series, "Clifton and a Lad's Love," and the latest. I have tried to make the selection representative of the different kinds of work in which I have been principally engaged - Greek and Renaissance Literature, Description of Places, Translation, Criticism, Original Verse."

The strategic significance of the Papuan Campaign can be briefly stated. In addition to blunting the Japanese thrust toward Australia and the transpacific line of communications, it put General MacArthur's forces in a favorable position to take the offensive. But this little known campaign is significant for still another reason. It was the battle test of a large hitherto-inexperienced U.S. Army force and its commanders under the conditions which were to attend much of the ground fighting in the Pacific. Costly in casualties and suffering, it taught lessons that the Army had to learn if it was to cope with the Japanese under conditions of tropical warfare. Samuel Milner holds a graduate degree in history from the University of Alberta and has done further graduate work in political science at the University of Minnesota. During World War II, he served in Australia and New Guinea as a historian with the Air Transport Command, Army Air Forces. Upon completing Victory in Papua he left the Office of the Chief of Military History to become historian of the Air Weather Service, U.S. Air Force.

"The stories of the 12 Air Force heroes who were awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor for action in Vietnam. The author, Major Schneider, has chosen a most unusual and effective way of presenting his material, for he is greatly concerned with the contextual aspects of what he describes; that is, he devotes considerable attention to the history of the Medal itself, particularly insofar as airmen of earlier wars are concerned, to the aircraft which these latest recipients flew, and to the missions with which both the men and their machines were entrusted. "These factors, then, are put in the context of the battle arena - Vietnam, with all of its special conditions and limitations. There 12 airmen of the United States Air Force acted with such courage, devotion, and utter selflessness that they were subsequently awarded the highest recognition that their country could bestow, the Medal of Honor. Three of the men died in the actions for which they were cited. But in one sense at least they and the others will never die, for their actions have insured that their names will live as long as determination, fidelity, bravery, and nobility of spirit are traits that human beings admire." David L. Gray Major General, United States Air Force Commandant, Air War College

These myths and tales were collected between 1890 and 1894 - a time when the Kathlamet dialect was spoken by only three persons, and originally published by the Smithsonian Institution in 1901. This book contains the texts and their translations into English, followed by a grammar and dictionary of the language, which contains a comparison of all the known dialects of the Chinookan stock. The Kathlamet is that dialect of the Upper Chinook which was spoken farthest down the river. Its territory extended from Astoria on the south side and Grey's Harbor on the north side of the river to Rainier.

This is the journal of a Civil War Marine Officer, Frank L. Church. A career officer, Church maintained a personal journal through most of the Red River Expedition of 1864. The Red River was a major trouble spot for the Federal river forces in the west, and during the expedition of 1864, Church commanded the Marine guard on the U.S. Steamer Black Hawk, Admiral David Dixon Porter's flagship of the Mississippi Squadron, and the Cricket, a tinclad, which served as flagship for the expedition. Dr. Edward P. Keuchel, a member of the Department of History, Florida State University, together with Dr. James P. Jones, a colleague in the history department at Florida State and a Civil War expert, has edited and annotated the Church journal and has provided an interesting vignette of Federal Marine Corps service in the Civil War and especially in one of the campaigns in which Marines served.

Historical events are never identical, but the study of them does provide a context within which to formulate meaningful questions to order and guide decision making. And that is the purpose of our Military History Series -- not to provide blueprints for future action, but, rather, historical benchmarks to assist in forming creative responses to the ever-changing global challenges to US interests and security. An especially informative historical period took place during the last days of the US military withdrawal from Vietnam. On 23 January 1973, the President announced to the Nation that the United States and North Vietnam had reached agreement in Paris on "ending the war and restoring peace" in Vietnam. The accord provided for a Four-Party Joint Military Commission, composed of military representatives from North Vietnam, South Vietnam, the Viet Cong, and the United States, to implement certain provisions of the accord. This National Defense University military history records the experiences of the US soldiers on the US Delegation during the 60-day life of the Commission. The author, Lieutenant Colonel Walter S. Dillard, USA, was the official historian of the US Delegation and is thus uniquely qualified to write of the events marking the last days of our military presence in Vietnam. The author's analyses of these events should be instructive for those who would better understand the enigmas of US relations with the developing world; for our military who would better understand the functions of and constraints on such delegations; and for students of statecraft who would better understand the interplay between treaty-making and desired outcomes. John S. Pustay Lieutenant General, United States Army President, National Defense University

From the author's preface: "I am not aware that the attempt made in this small volume has been anticipated in any other. Even the notes of critics upon Shakespeare, superfluously full in pointing out his obligations, real or supposed, to secular authors, are singularly meagre in the references which they make to the Holy Scriptures. And yet how abundant is the room for such reference, and how much it may conduce to the mutual illustration of the two books, which as Christians and as Britons we should value most, will be seen, I trust, upon every page of the Second Part of the following dissertation." A reprint of the third edition of 1880, by Charles Wordsworth, then the Bishop of St. Andrews and Fellow of Winchester College.

This book is a classic in the field of the history of education. It contains the autobiography of Thomas Platter (the memoirs of a shepherd turned academic 1499-1582) and a discussion of his life and times. Written in 1572 but not published until the eighteenth century, it furnishes the best known account of the life of the wandering student of the later middle ages. To quote from Platter: "In the school of St. Elizabeth, indeed, at one time, nine Baccalaureates read at the same hour, in the same room. The Greek language was not yet anywhere in the land. Similarly, no one yet had printed books; the preceptor alone had a printed Terence. What one read must first be dictated, then defined, then construed, and then only could he explain it; so that the bacchants had to carry home great, miserable books when they went away."

Technical and economic considerations no longer prevent the acquisition of nuclear weapons by nations that do not have them. The technology is now widely known and generally accessible, and the cost is not prohibitive. For an increasing number of nations a decision to develop nuclear weapons rests on political and strategic factors. This book contains essays from a 1978 colloquium, jointly sponsored by the Central Intelligence Agency and the Department of Defense, that brought together 50 people from the academic, research organization, intelligence, and national security policymaking communities to discuss the essays and the questions generated by them.

The present text is designed for students of marine college navigation departments. It will also be an excellent guide for navigators. It presents the principles of spherical astronomy, information on the design and application of astronomical and computation instruments and devices, elucidates the methods of nautical astronomy, tells about marine astronomical almanacs and time service. The book contains practical advice concerning observations and the processing of nautical astronomy data. Nautical Astronomy was written by two prominent Soviet specialists in the field. At the time of the original 1970 publication in the Soviet Union, Boris Krasatsev was an Associate Professor of the Chair of Astronomy at the Leningrad Marine Engineering College named after Admiral Makarov. He is one of the authors of the Handbook for Navy Navigators, which is very popular among Soviet seamen. Professor Boris Khlyustin, Doctor of Naval Sciences, is the author of a well-known text on nautical astronomy and of a number of scientific papers.

One of the most important collections of documents pertaining to the formation of the Constitution of the United States. Notes on the convention taken by Robert Yates, Chief Justice of New York, and copied by John Lansing, Jun. Esquire, late chancellor of that state, members of that convention. Including "The Genuine Information," laid before the Legislature of Maryland, by Luther Martin, Esquire, then attorney-general of that state, and member of the same convention. James Madison thought that Yates and Martin "appear to have reported in angry terms what they observed with jaundiced eyes." It must be added that in many particulars Yates' notes were fuller than Madison's own. Luther Martin's Genuine Information is a general summary of the course of the Debates, with a running criticism on the provisions of the Constitution. Also contains an appendix with documents by Edmund Randolf, and others.

The 16 chapters present an overview of family structure, names, marriage, children and education, religion, dependents, slaves and client,, the house and its furniture, dress and personal ornaments, food and meals, amusements and baths, travel and correspondence, books, sources of income and means of living, the Roman's day, burial-places and funeral ceremonies. These things are of interest to us in the case of any ancient or foreign people; in the case of the Romans they are of especial importance, because they help to explain the powerful influence that nation exerted over the old world, and make it easier to understand why that influence is still felt in some degree today. At the time of original publication in 1903, Harold Whetstone Johnston was Professor of Latin at Indiana University. He was also the author of Selected Orations and Letters of Cicero, Latin Manuscripts, and The Metrical Licenses of Vergil.

A classic in philosophy and ethics, and one of the foundational texts of the anarchist movement of the late 19th and early 20th century. Starting with the moral principle in nature, to the moral conceptions of primitive people, Kropotkin traces the development of moral teachings from ancient Greece, Christianity and the Middle Ages through to the 19th century philosophers. In this way Ethics gives answers to two fundamental problems of morality: its origin and historical development, and its goals and standards. Kropotkin is still today one of the most influential moral voices in the quest for universal human happiness. He wanted this book "to inspire the young generation to struggle, to implant in them faith in the justice of social revolution, and to light in their hearts the fire of self-sacrifice." This was Kropotkin's final masterpiece which was left unfinished at his death and is the swan song of this great humanitarian, scientist, and anarchist. It constitutes the crowning work and the resume of all his scientific, philosophical, and sociological views, at which he arrived in the course of his long and unusually rich life.