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Triumph in the Philippines is the third volume in the subseries to deal with the reconquest of the Philippine Archipelago. The narrative traces the broad strategic vision that was employed in arriving at the decision to invade Luzon and bypass Formosa as a steppingstone to Okinawa. This study focuses on the Luzon Campaign with twenty-nine of its thirty-two chapters devoted to this subject. Although the Pacific is decidedly a joint theater, the reader will find only passing references to naval activities in support of this campaign and will have to look to other sources for a more complete picture. On 9 January 1945, the Sixth Army under the command of Lt. Gen. Walter Krueger commenced the largest United States Army operation in the Pacific. It entailed the use of more ground forces than did the operations in North Africa, Italy, or southern France. Unlike previous operations in the Pacific, the number of U.S. troops engaged, coupled with the ability to maneuver these forces in the central plains north of Manila, was more characteristic of European operations than any other Pacific campaign. By the time the campaign officially closed on 15 August 1945, over sixteen American divisions, or their equivalents, were committed to the liberation of the Philippines and the fulfillment of MacArthur's promise. Starting with the landings at Lingayen Gulf, this volume traces the advance of the U.S. troops through the Philippine central plains and the recapture of Clark Air Base and Manila. The volume ends with U.S. troops in northern Luzon and the southern Philippines. Unusual for the Pacific theater are the operations associated with the capture of a major urban center, which proved to be more costly and destructive than originally estimated. Accurate intelligence, always in short supply during hostilities, proved no less allusive in 1945. Throughout the campaign intelligence estimates between MacArthur and his field headquarters varied widely, affecting both strategic and tactical decisions. No where is this more evident than in the D-Day estimate of Japanese strength on Luzon. Eight days after the invasion, the Sixth Army's original estimate of 152,500 defenders had been raised to 234,500, which proved closer to the Japanese actual strength of some 250,000. Continued overly optimistic assessments of Japanese strength eventually took its toll in American casualties and on morale during the seven and one-half months of campaigning. When the war ended, General Yasmashita, the Japanese commander, was still conducting an active defense in northern Luzon with over 65,000 troops, estimated at the time by General Krueger to be no more then 23,000. Because of the surrender, large numbers of Japanese sources were available to the author, providing insight into the extensive Japanese dispositions, plans, and actions. The reader will find that due credit is given in this volume to the Japanese and their defense of the Philippines.

This book chronicles the introduction of chemical agents in World War I, the U.S. Army's tentative preparations for gas warfare prior to and after American entry into the war, and the AEF experience with gas on the Western Front. Chemical warfare affected tactics and almost changed the outcome of World War I. The overwhelming success of the first use of gas caught both sides by surprise. Fortunately, the pace of hostilities permitted the Allies to develop a suitable defense to German gas attacks and eventually to field a considerable offensive chemical capability. Nonetheless, from the introduction of chemical warfare in early 1915 until Armistice Day in November, 1918, the Allies were usually one step behind their German counterparts in the development of gas doctrine and the employment of gas tactics and procedures. In his final report to Congress on World War I, General John J. Pershing expressed the sentiment of contemporary senior officers when he said, "Whether or not gas will be employed in future wars is a matter of conjecture, but the effect is so deadly to the unprepared that we can never afford to neglect the question." General Pershing was the last American field commander actually to confront chemical agents on the battlefield. Today, in light of a significant Soviet chemical threat and solid evidence of chemical warfare in Southeast and Southwest Asia, it is by no means certain he will retain that distinction. Over 50 percent of the Total Army's Chemical Corps assets are located within the United States Army Reserve. This book was prepared by the USAR Staff Officer serving with the Combat Studies Institute, USACGSC, after a number of requests from USAR Chemical Corps officers for a historical study on the nature of chemical warfare in World War I. In fulfilling the needs of the USAR, this book also meets the needs of the Total Army in its preparations to fight, if necessary, on a battlefield where chemical agents might be employed.Carl E. VuonoLieutenant General, USACommandant

This publication is about solar energy and how its use for heating and cooling will affect dwelling design and site planning. It has been prepared as a brief introduction for consumers, designers, and builders interested in solar heating and cooling. Beginning with a brief history of solar energy applications, a more thorough description of solar components and how they are organized into heating, cooling and domestic hot water systems follows. Next, factors which influence the design of solar dwellings and systems are discussed. The remain portion of the publication illustrates dwelling and site design concepts responsive to these factors for various housing types, solar systems, and climates.

Originally published in the Soviet Union, this very comprehensive dictionary gives some very different perspectives on philosophy.

The theory of elasticity developed as a science due to the necessity of having theoretical methods for calculating the strength of parts of structures and machines. At present the theory of elasticity is a branch of mathematical physics that must be at the finger tips both of engineers and scientists studying the strength of structures and machines. The book Theory of Elasticity is a textbook for students of higher technical schools of the Soviet Union. It contains matter on the theory of stresses, the geometrical theory of strain, the torsion of prismatic bars and the bending of plates. It sets forth the theoretical fundamentals of the solution of elasticity problems in terms of displacement and stresses and shows the general methods of solving problems in the theory of elasticity. The book considers plane problems in Cartesian and in polar coordinates. In conclusion the author deals with the variational methods of elasticity.

One of the greatest classics on hypnotism, first published in 1846. The author lists at the outset 73 painless surgical operations (including the removal of an 80-pound scrotal tumor) performed in the previous eight months while patients were in mesmeric trances, and cites eighteen cases of cures brought about by animal magnetic passes. He describes many of his surgical procedures, the null mortality rate he effected, and the modes in which Mesmeric fluid may be transmitted. Although this work, along with Elliotson's Numerous Cases of Surgical Operations Without Pain was briefly influential, experimentation of the kind Esdaile carried out was cut short by the discovery of an effective chemical anaesthesia the very year Mesmerism in India was published James Esdaile (1808-1859), a Scottish surgeon who was appointed Surgeon to Government of India, performed at least 291 painless operations in India using hypnotism. Aroused by his success, the Indian government soon established a mesmeric hospital for him. Esdaile performed a variety of surgical operations on Hindus, upon many of whom he appears successfully to have induced hypnotic anaesthesia. However, his similar attempts with Europeans were not so successful.

Wilhelm Stekel was a follower of Sigmund Freud, though Freud was not particularly enamored with him. Sex and Dreams was intended as a guide to the interpretation of the Unconscious for those who are concerned professionally with nervous disorders. The present work is devoted almost entirely to correlating the subjects' dreams with the neurotic character traits which confront the psychotherapeutist, the general practitioner, and the specialist alike, and which often baffle their best efforts in the absence of the kind of knowledge revealed thought this very art of interpretation."It does not matter from what angle the work of Stekel is approached. Any consideration of it reveals rich material. Stekel is a writer who handles his subjects in a lavish manner; lavish, but with that restraint which bends all to the urgency of his themes. He evidently approaches his clinical work with the same exuberant interest. There he reaps through psychoanalysis a rich harvest of results. He has collected these results and presented them for the dissemination of such knowledge of the sexual disturbances as he thus obtained. Facts are there in great number. They cannot be gainsaid. Stekel's own evaluation of such facts and his earnest plea for their consideration, both by the medical profession and by the society of men and women where these facts exist, can speak only for themselves to the truly conscientious reader. There is not much in these books that the psychotherapeutist can afford to pass over." - New York Medical Journal

CONTENTSPrimitive Peoples: Education in Its Simplest FormOriental Education. Education as Recapitulation: China as a TypeThe Greek People: The Liberal EducationThe Romans: Education as Training for Practical LifeThe Middle Ages: Education as DisciplineThe Renaissance and the Humanistic EducationThe Reformation, Counter Reformation and the Religious Conception of EducationRealistic EducationThe Disciplinary Conception of Education: John LockeThe Naturalistic Tendency in Education: RousseauThe Psychological Tendency in EducationThe Scientific Tendency in EducationThe Sociological TendencyConclusion: The Present Eclectic Tendency

The stories are transcribed from voluminous illustrated diaries kept by the author during almost nine years in Japan (collecting exhibits for the British Museum) during the latter part of the nineteenth century. In total, there are 57 different ghost stories, telling tales of love and passion, revenge, strange ghosts and eerie gods, mountains, trees and flowers, history, magic, dragons, murder and suicide.

CONTENTSPart I. Containing the History of Henri the Great, from his Birth until he came to the Crown of FrancePart II. Containing the actions of Henri the Great, from the day he came to the throne of France until the Peace, which was made in the year 1598, by the Treaty of VervinsPart III. Briefly containing what Henri the Great did after the Peace of Vervins, made in the year 1598, until his death, which happened in the year 1610

The outstanding Russian mathematician Sophia Kovalevskya lived and worked in the second half of the 19th century. Her talents were outstanding. She lived in a century when Russia was making great strides in many branches of knowledge: the brilliant chemist Dmitry Mendeleyev put forward his periodical system of elements, the basis of modern chemistry; Ivan Sechenov became famous for his research in physiology and the cerebral reflexes, while Alexander Stoletov laid the foundations of electronics. Russian mathematics also achieved great successes. At the turn of the 19th century the celebrated Lobachevsky originated a new geometry; Ostrogardsky and Bunyakovsky made valuable contributions to mathematical science; Academician Pafnuty Chebyshev was known the world over. Sophia Kovalevskaya ranks on a level with these scholars.

Friedrich Froebel (1782-1852) was a German educator who introduced the concept of kindergarten. This book is a collection of fifteen essays, originally published in German in 1861, on the value of different stages of a child's play. Froebel found an educational value in every phase of the child's play, and in every object that engages its attention. Froebel finds all that the child does significant and of educational importance. In fact, he is the great pioneer and founder of child study as well as of the pedagogic theory of intellectual values.

For nearly 200 year after his death so little was known of Oliver Cromwell's personal views and motives that he was generally regarded as, in Hume's words, "a hypocritical fanatic." Carlyle's researches were sufficient to refute the charge of hypocrisy, but not until the beginning of the 20th century was a sufficient mass of documents and personal correspondence assembled to make possible a just and balanced account of Cromwell's life. Sir Charles Firth's biography, first published in 1900, presents such an account, and in the years that have passed since the book was written, it has become generally recognized as a standard work, soundly informative as history and worthy of preservation as literature.

The life of the brilliant marine designer and naval architect, John Ericsson (1803 - 1889), who designed and built the Civil War ironclad Monitor which defeated the Confederate Merrimac. Ericsson's propeller is still the main form of marine propulsion 150 years later. It replaced the inefficient and vulnerable steam-driven oars and paddle wheels. Ericsson also developed a calorific engine designed to use solar energy.

A 13th century French chantefable (a story told in alternating sections of sung verse and recited prose), concerning Aucassin, the son of the Count of Beacaire, who falls in love with Nicolette, a captive Saracen turned Christian. Interestingly, the unknown author, who is thought to have been a professional minstrel from northeastern France, mocks both epic and romance in his tale, portraying Nicolette as full of resourcefulness and Aucassin as a lovesick swain.

When originally published in 1915, the author stated in his preface: "This book - which is mainly composed of selections from the work of Treitschke - has not been put together with a controversial purpose, but in the belief that English men may find it worth their while to understand the political philosophy which is now the vogue in Germany." Heinrich von Treitschke (1834-96) was a German historian, sometimes called the "Machiavelli of the 19th century." A fervid partisan of Prussia, he left Baden at the outbreak of the Austro-Prussian War (1866) and became professor of history at Kiel (1866), Heidelberg (1867), and Berlin (1874). He edited from 1866 through 1889 the monthly Preussische Jahrbüücher and became Prussian state historiographer in 1886. As a young man, he was strongly nationalistic and liberal; as he grew older his political views became more nationalistic and less liberal. Although a member of the Reichstag, he was not especially successful as a practical politician. His writings, however, reflected his political views, his deep hope for the unity and greatness of Germany under Prussian leadership, and his admiration of Bismarck and the Hohenzollerns. They also reflected his strong anti-Semitism. His theories had great impact on the new generation and in academic circles. Treitschke's histories, stirring and graphic and excellent in workmanship, are nevertheless distorted by his fanatic nationalism and his pernicious biases. His masterpiece is his History of Germany in the Nineteenth Century (in 7 volumes, 1915-19). Among his other works are Politics and Origins of Prussianism.

Describes and analyzes, in the context of national policy and international rivalries, the evolution of land-based air power since the United States Army in 1907 established an Aeronautical Division. Provides a clearer understanding of the central role of the Air Force in current American defense policy.

Translation of: Hukumah al-Islamiyah [s.l., s.n.], 1979.

This manual was written for design engineers to enable them to choose appropriate fasteners for their designs. Subject matter includes fastener material selection, platings, lubricants, corrosion, locking methods, washers, inserts, thread types and classes, fatigue loading, and fastener torque. A section on design criteria covers the derivation of torque formulas, loads on a fastener group, combining simultaneous shear and tension loads, pullout load for tapped holes, grip length, head styles, and fastener strengths. The second half of this manual presents general guidelines and selection criteria for rivets and lockbolts. To the casual observer the selection of bolts, nuts, and rivets for a design should be a simple task. In reality it is a difficult task, requiring careful consideration of temperature, corrosion, vibration, fatigue, initial preload, and many other factors. The intent of this manual is to present enough data on bolt and rivet materials, finishes, torques, and thread lubricants to enable a designer to make a sensible selection for a particular design. Locknuts, washers, locking methods, inserts, rivets, and tapped holes are also covered.

CONTENTSSummary IntroductionLogic and Reasoning Sets Logical Sentences and Truth SetsNumbersPrimes and FactorsIntervals of the Real LineRelationsEquivalenceOrderingMappingTransformationsFunctionsSequencesCurves, Surfaces, and RegionsMathematical SpacesAbstract AlgebraAppendixes A. Ideas From Various Mathematical Disciplines B. Divisibility of Integers in Base 10 (Integer10) C. Implications and Equivalences D. Conjunctions and Disjunctions E. Laws and Theorems of Logic F. Laws and Theorems of Set Algebra G. Properties of Continuous Functions H. Definitions and Theorems From Calculus I. Real-Valued Functions as a Vector Space J. Logical Puzzles and Paradoxes K. Basics of Aristotelian LogicBibliography