Bøker utgitt av World Bank Publications

Provides a narrative description of the institutional and management decisions, infrastructure, systems and processes, impact, and lessons learned and policy implications for developing countries from Korea's multi-decade Digital Governance experience.

This book is the first stocktaking of what the decarbonization of the world economy means for fossil fuel-dependent countries. These countries are the most exposed to the impacts of global climate policies and, at the same time, are often unprepared to manage them. They depend on the export of oil, gas, or coal; the use of carbon-intensive infrastructure (for example, refineries, petrochemicals, and coal power plants); or both. Fossil fuel-dependent countries face financial, fiscal, and macro-structural risks from the transition of the global economy away from carbon-intensive fuels and the value chains based on them. This book focuses on managing these transition risks and harnessing related opportunities. Diversification and Cooperation in a Decarbonizing World identifies multiple strategies that fossil fuel-dependent countries can pursue to navigate the turbulent waters of a low-carbon transition. The policy and investment choices to be made in the next decade will determine these countries' degree of exposure and overall resilience. Abandoning their comfort zones and developing completely new skills and capabilities in a time frame consistent with the Paris Agreement on climate change is a daunting challenge and requires long-term revenue visibility and consistent policy leadership. This book proposes a constructive framework for climate strategies for fossil fuel-dependent countries based on new approaches to diversification and international climate cooperation. Climate policy leaders share responsibility for creating room for all countries to contribute to the goals of the Paris Agreement, taking into account the specific vulnerabilities and opportunities each country faces.

Offers a practical exploration of the three interdependent dimensions of trade connectivity in the Mediterranean: maritime networks, port efficiency, and hinterland connectivity. Understanding how trade connectivity works is important to policy makers concerned with the economic benefits of large investments in infrastructure.

Desde Detroit hasta Lahore, la mayoria de las ciudades del mundo enfrentan problemas financieros, y aun asi se espera que lleven a cabo sus funciones cada vez mas complejas. Finanzas municipales - Manual para los gobiernos locales toma partido. Se pone del lado de los alcaldes y de los responsables de los asuntos municipales.

Los fines de la cobertura universal de salud son asegurar que toda la poblacion pueda acceder a servicios de salud de calidad. Parses que han logrado la cobertura universal de salud estan demostrando c6mo estos programas pueden servir como mecanismos esenciales de mejora de la salud.

Given that most African countries face difficult decisions about how to allocate limited resources among different social programmes, evidence is important. This book demonstrates that it is possible to reach the poorest and most vulnerable with safety net programmes, and provides lessons for the effective use of targeting methods to achieve this goal.

El pago por desempeno (PPD) es un enfoque integral de sistemas de salud, que se esta expandiendo en Africa, Asia Central y Sudeste Asiatico y America Latina. Este manual contiene el conocimiento practico de los pioneros del PPD, que han disenado, implementado y evaluado este enfoque en una multidad de paises y contextos.

Fair Progress?

While adoption of new technologies is understood to enhance long-term growth and average per-capita incomes, its impact on lower-skilled workers is more complex and merits clarification. Concerns abound that advanced technologies developed in high-income countries would inexorably lead to job losses of lower-skilled, less well-off workers and exacerbate inequality. Conversely, there are countervailing concerns that policies intended to protect jobs from technology advancement would themselves stultify progress and depress productivity. This book squarely addresses both sets of concerns with new research showing that adoption of digital technologies offers a pathway to more inclusive growth by increasing adopting firms' outputs, with the jobs-enhancing impact of technology adoption assisted by growth-enhancing policies that foster sizable output expansion. The research reported here demonstrates with economic theory and data from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico that lower-skilled workers can benefit from adoption of productivity-enhancing technologies biased towards skilled workers, and often do. The inclusive jobs outcomes arise when the effects of increased productivity and expanding output overcome the substitution of workers for technology. While the substitution effect replaces some lower-skilled workers with new technology and more highly-skilled labor, the output effect can lead to an increase in the total number of jobs for less-skilled workers. Critically, output can increase sufficiently to increase jobs across all tasks and skill types within adopting firms, including jobs for lower-skilled workers, as long as lower-skilled task content remains complementary to new technologies and related occupations are not completely automated and replaced by machines. It is this channel for inclusive growth that underlies the power of pro-competitive enabling policies and institutions--such as regulations encouraging firms to compete and policies supporting the development of skills that technology augments rather than replaces--to ensure that the positive impact of technology adoption on productivity and lower-skilled workers is realized.

Provides the most detailed collection of data on Africa available. It pulls together data from different sources, and is an essential tool for policy makers, researchers, and other people interested in Africa.

Drawing from vast international experiences, this report examines how global cutting-edge technology like electric vehicles could be pursued in Bhutan with different socioeconomic characteristics from advanced economies.

Using new firm-level export data collected in eight MENA countries - Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia and Yemen - this study provides a finer and deeper diagnostic for the region's lack of export growth and diversification.

Do current stylized facts about African agriculture and rural livelihoods reflect reality? In rapidly-changing and data-scarce environments they risk being outdated and misleading. This report re-examines conventional wisdom about African farmers, from the bottom up and recognising the complexities involved.

Presents new evidence to advance understanding on how rainfall shocks coupled with water scarcity, impacts farms, firms, and families. A key message of this report is that water has multiple economic attributes, each of which entail distinct policy responses.

Provides developing countries with a technical understanding and practical options around oil, gas, and mining sector development issues. A central premise of the Sourcebook is that good technical knowledge can better inform political, economic, and social choices with respect to sector development and the related risks and opportunities.

Intended as a reference for those interested in mineral sector taxation, this work examines the many facets of royalties ranging from their justification, to the types of royalties. It analyzes royalty policy from the viewpoints of various stakeholders and indicates the strengths and weaknesses of different royalty types.

Assesses the state of early childhood development (ECD) in MENA from before birth through age five, examining multiple dimensions of early development including health, nutrition, socio-emotional development, early learning, and early work.