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This book documents Professor Jacques Simonet's contribution to building new electrode materials and their related catalytic reactions. Research includes synthesis of new alloys of palladium, discovery of new composite electrodes (including gold- and silver-graphene) and the creation of new materials through judicious cathodic or anodic doping. Additionally, studies demonstrate the malleability and reactivity of previously unused precious and semi-precious metals for the creation of 2D and 3D catalytic materials. Studies key to innovative research show how transition metals may reversibly cathodically insert small size electro-active molecules such as CO2 and O2, and be applied to methods of depollution brought by carbon and nitrogen oxides.Written for practical use, Simonet has provided both theory and tools needed for those aiming to recreate and develop his experiments in electrochemical catalysis and surface modifications. This full publication of research gives graduate and post-graduate students of chemistry, electrochemistry and catalysis an in-depth insight into key historical and modern developments in the field.

This book addresses computationally-efficient multi-objective optimization of antenna structures using variable-fidelity electromagnetic simulations, surrogate modeling techniques, and design space reduction methods. Based on contemporary research, it formulates multi-objective design tasks, highlights related challenges in the context of antenna design, and discusses solution approaches. Specific focus is on providing methodologies for handling computationally expensive simulation models of antenna structures in the sense of their multi-objective optimization. Also given is a summary of recent developments in antenna design optimization using variable-fidelity simulation models. Numerous examples of real-world antenna design problems are provided along with discussions and recommendations for the readers interested in applying the considered methods in their design work.Written with researchers and students in mind, topics covered can also be applied across a broad spectrum of aeronautical, mechanical, electrical, biomedical and civil engineering. It is of particular interest to those dealing with optimization, computationally expensive design tasks and simulation-driven design.

Understanding the Lord''s Resistance Army Insurgency (LRA) provides a concise overview of the LRA, which has, for almost 30 years, conducted untold atrocities across the central African nations of Uganda, Southern Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic. The book examines the LRA''s emergence and evolution, the ideology, strategy and tactics behind it, motivational aspects of its recruitment, its engagement in peace processes, and a detailed description of leadership and group dynamics. This work is based on a wide range of written sources and extensive interviews with individuals intimately related to the group including top LRA commanders, government sources, victims, child soldiers, abductees and wives of Joseph Kony. Moving past stories of unimaginable brutality, forced recruitment, and the group''s mystical belief system, the book provides a well-grounded analysis of the different stages of the LRA''s development. It demonstrates how the group represents an obscure case study that challenges many of the common assumptions about the operational dynamics of terrorist organizations.Written to fill a gap in academia in relation to African- and Christian-based terrorism, this book is suited to students, researchers and practitioners in political sciences, war, conflict and terrorism studies, African politics and international relations and development.

The structural aspects of composite quantum systems in the foundation, interpretation and application of quantum theory is an increasingly prominent topic of physics research. As an emerging field, it seeks to understand the origins of the classical world of experience from the quantum level.Quantum Structural Studies presents conceptual fundamentals and mathematical methods for investigating the structuring of quantum systems into subsystems. Split into four sections, the topics covered include the historical and philosophical aspects of quantum structures, specific interpretive approaches and ontologies, and alternative methodological approaches to quantum mechanics. Questions addressed are: Specialists, graduate students and researchers seeking an introduction to the field of emergent structures and new directions for research and experimentation can use this book to find up-to-date representative texts and reviews.

This book provides a comprehensive coverage on nanobioceramics and their potential applications in healthcare. Ground-breaking new discoveries in bioceramics and their properties have meant an increasing interest in the development of how this can be related to nanobiomaterials, and in treating various conditions from osteoporosis to surgical dentistry. Research has also been driven by ageing global populations, where better restorative and reparative treatments are needed. As a consequence of this change in demographics, the research of nanobioceramics for application in healthcare is a field that is advancing at a considerable pace.Individual chapters give the reader an in-depth coverage on the synthesis and characterization of various nanobioceramics including silica, calcium phosphates, bioglass, and glass-ceramics. Through reviewing and analysing current literature, this book provides a rich source of valuable information on nanobioceramics for any professionals and students in materials science and engineering. It is also aimed at medical professionals searching for state-of-the-art techniques and treatments available and made possible through this particular field of innovation.

"The book has been written at the level of chemistry and chemical engineering graduate students. It provides a very accessable and useful guide to those who are interested in current state of the art and applications of catalytic science."Professor Rutger A van SantenEindhoven University of Technology The UK Catalysis Hub is a consortium of universities working together on fundamental and applied research to find out how catalysts work and to improve their effectiveness. The contribution of catalysis to manufacturing contributes to almost 40% of global GDP, making development and innovation within the field integral to industry.Modern Developments in Catalysis provides a review of current research and practise on catalysis, focussing on five main themes: catalysis design, environmental catalysis, catalysis and energy, chemical transformation and biocatalysis and biotransformations. Topics range from complex reactions to the intricacies of catalyst preparation for supported nanoparticles, while chapters illustrate the challenges facing catalytic science and the directions in which the field is developing. Edited by leaders of the UK Hub, this book provides insight into one of the most important areas of modern chemistry - it represents a unique learning opportunity for students and professionals studying and working towards speeding-up, improving and increasing the rate of catalytic reactions in science and industry.

For centuries, educational policymakers have believed that studying mathematics is important, in part because it develops general thinking skills that are useful throughout life. This ''Theory of Formal Discipline'' (TFD) has been used as justification of mathematics education globally. Despite this, few empirical studies have directly investigated the issue, and those which have showed mixed results.Does Mathematical Study Develop Logical Thinking? describes a rigorous investigation of the TFD. It reviews the theory''s history and prior research on the topic, followed by reports on a series of recent empirical studies. It argues that, contrary to the position held by sceptics, advanced mathematical study does develop certain general thinking skills, however these are much more restricted than those typically claimed by TFD proponents.Perfect for students, researchers and policymakers in education, further education and mathematics, this book provides much needed insight into the theory and practice of the foundations of modern educational policy.

 This book investigates recent progress in synthesis of soft, hard and hybrid Janus structures and looks at processing strategy, such as emulsion polymerization, microfluidics, co-jetting and seeded growth. Also reviewed are both the experimental and theoretical studies on the unique self-assembly behaviour of Janus particles.Janus particles are special types of nanoparticles whose surfaces have two or more distinct physical properties. These two hemistructures are of different composition and functionality, offering promising potential for application through the multiple combinations possible — areas in which Janus structures can be applied include drug delivery, magnetic biomarkers, bactericides, tailored plasmon resonance, photocatalysis and nanoengines. Encapsulating a wealth of research on Janus structures, this review of the literature is specifically designed to benefit graduate students and researchers in the fields of chemistry, materials science, engineering, biotechnology and applied physics, as well as practitioners in these industries.

Current mathematical models are notoriously unreliable in describing the time evolution of unexpected social phenomena, from financial crashes to revolution. Can such events be forecast? Can we compute probabilities about them? Can we model them? This book investigates and attempts to answer these questions through Gödel's two incompleteness theorems, and in doing so demonstrates how influential Gödel is in modern logical and mathematical thinking. Many mathematical models are applied to economics and social theory, while Gödel's theorems are able to predict their limitations for more accurate analysis and understanding of national and international events.This unique discussion is written for graduate level mathematicians applying their research to the social sciences, including economics, social studies and philosophy, and also for formal logicians and philosophers of science.

Good agroecological practices are indispensable for the development of sustainable agriculture. In this book, principles, diversity and applications of agroecological practices for a range of systems are presented, transforming scientific research and participatory knowledge of production into practical application. It illustrates a broad range of research and teaching being used within the farming community to demonstrate best practice and current state-of-play within the field. Agroecological methods used in crop farming, grass-based livestock farming, fish production, and other complex farming systems are discussed. Conclusions are drawn from studies to provide an outlook on future trends of agroecological practices and on policies supporting implementation.Due to emphasis on real-life application, it is relevant not only to students of the agricultural sciences and public policy, but also to researchers, stakeholders and policy makers involved in the development of sustainable agriculture.

Focussing on practical applications, this book moves away from standard discourse on theory and provides students of physics, nanotechnology and materials science with the opportunity to fully understand the electronic properties of nanostructures.

"Originally written in Italian"-- ECIP galley.

This book gives an introduction to some central results in transcendental number theory with application to periods and special values of modular and hypergeometric functions. It also includes related results on Calabi–Yau manifolds. Most of the material is based on the author's own research and appears for the first time in book form. It is presented with minimal of technical language and no background in number theory is needed. In addition, except the last chapter, all chapters include exercises suitable for graduate students. It is a nice book for graduate students and researchers interested in transcendence.

This book covers several aspects of reservoir management, from initial analysis to enhanced recovery methods, simulation, and history matching. Split into four parts, part one provides readers with an introduction to the physical properties of reservoir rocks. Part two provides an introduction to enhanced recovery methods used for conventional oil production. Part three shows how numerical methods can be used to simulate the behaviour of oil and gas reservoirs. Finally, part four looks at history matching of reservoirs through the building of numerical models using past data, in order to provide best practice for future reservoir development and management.Written as the third volume in the Imperial College Lectures in Petroleum Engineering, and based on lectures that have been given in the world-renowned Imperial College Masters Course in Petroleum Engineering, Topics in Reservoir Management provides the basic information needed for students and practitioners of petroleum engineering and petroleum geoscience.

Group III-Nitrides semiconductor materials, including GaN, InN, AlN, InGaN, AlGaN and AlInGaN, i.e. (Al, In, Ga)N, are excellent semiconductors, covering the spectral range from deep ultraviolet (DUV) to UV, visible and infrared, with unique properties very suitable for modern electronic and optoelectronic applications. Remarkable breakthroughs have been achieved in recent years for research and development (R&D) in these materials and devices, such as high-power and high brightness UV-blue-green-white light emitting diodes (LEDs), UV-blue-green laser diodes (LDs), photo-detectors and various optoelectronics and electronics devices and applications.The Nobel Prize in Physics 2014 was awarded jointly to Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura "for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources". Red and green diodes had been invented since 1960s-70s but without blue LED. Despite considerable efforts, the blue LED had remained a challenge for a long time. The success and inventions on GaN-based LEDs were revolutionary and benefiting for mankind. III-Nitrides-based industry has formed and acquired rapid developments over the world. Incandescent light bulbs lit the 20th century and the 21st century will be lit by LED lamps.Before this book, the editor has edited two books, III-Nitride Semiconductor Materials (2006) and III-Nitride Devices and Nanoengineering (2008), both published by ICP/WSP, in the fields of III-Nitride. The developments of these materials and devices are moving rapidly. Many data or knowledge, some even just published only recently, have been modified and needed to be upgraded. This new book, III-Nitride Materials, Devices and Nano-Structures as the third instalment, will cover the rapid new developments and achievements in the III-Nitride fields, particularly those made since 2009.

The potential for energy transformation from geothermal heat is limitless. For millennia natural sources of this energy, in the form of thermal springs, have been used by populations for heating, cooking and bathing. Modern-day usage has been extended to electricity generation from binary cycle power plants, heat extraction from geothermal heat pumps and use in greenhouses for industrial crop growing. Perspectives for Geothermal Energy in Europe highlights the status of geothermal energy in countries where natural sources of this energy are available. It concludes with a presentation of current geothermal policy and regulations within Europe, and discussion of how this fits in with the EU Energy and Climate Framework.Suitable for students, academics and practitioners in the fields of energy studies, geology and the earth sciences, electrical engineering and environmental economics, this book is the first comprehensive review of the practicalities of geothermal extraction and use in Europe.

Super-Resolution imaging refers to modern techniques of achieving resolution below conventional limits. This book gives a comprehensive overview of mathematical and computational techniques used to achieve this, providing a solid foundation on which to develop the knowledge and skills needed for practical application of techniques. Split into five parts, the first looks at the mathematical and probabilistic tools needed, before moving on to description of different types of imaging; single-wave, anomaly, multi-wave and spectroscopic and nanoparticle.As an important contribution to the understanding of super-resolution techniques in biomedical imaging, this book is a useful resource for scientists and engineers in the fields of biomedical imaging and super-resolution, and is self-contained reference for any newcomers to these fields.

Continuous-flow photochemistry is an expanding field within chemistry. It unites the mass transfer enhancement of flow chemistry with the high energy field density of microscale geometries. Moreover, it provides means to scale photochemical reactions efficiently.This book gives an overview of both technological and chemical aspects associated with photochemical processes in microreactors. It provides analysis, the first of its kind, of these new technologies developed within the field of photochemical processes, with a description and case studies of practical implementation. It specifically looks at:By providing a deeper understanding of underlying concepts, coupled with numerous examples, this book is an essential reference for chemistry students, researchers and professionals working on photochemistry, photoredox catalysis, flow chemistry, process chemistry and reactor engineering.

Good biosecurity policy decisions, particularly in relation to plant industry protection, is of ever increasing importance. Growth in the speed and diversity of trade, the effects of climate change and the resultant spread of pests and diseases continue to highlight this. This book contains an introduction to the issues confronting plant biosecurity policymakers and how the economic risks of invasive species can be assessed over time. It introduces a generic bio-economic model, around which an impact-evaluation framework is constructed and demonstrated. Based on the findings of case studies, the book then reviews challenges faced in implementing a policy-support framework, paying special attention to plant pests and diseases while discussing the past, present and future of biosecurity policy.As the first book of its kind focussing on a comprehensive range of policies, case studies and applications, Plant Biosecurity Policy Evaluation is perfect for biosecurity policy makers, decision-support specialists, advanced students of agricultural studies, public policy and invasive species research.