Bøker utgitt av Self employed

Mobile cloud technologies have revolutionized various industries by providing on-the-go access to vast computational resources and storage capabilities. In the field, these technologies have proven highly effective, offering numerous advantages:Enhanced Accessibility: Mobile cloud technologies enable field workers to access data, applications, and resources from remote locations using their mobile devices. This access to centralized resources improves productivity and decision-making on-site.Scalability and Flexibility: Field operations often require scalability in computational power and storage. Mobile cloud technologies provide the ability to scale resources based on demand, ensuring that field workers have the necessary tools without being limited by device capacities.Real-time Data Collection and Analysis: Field workers can collect and analyze data in real time using mobile devices connected to cloud-based platforms. This capability allows for immediate insights, aiding in faster decision-making and problem-solving.Collaboration and Communication: Mobile cloud technologies facilitate seamless collaboration among field teams and with headquarters or off-site experts. Workers can share data, collaborate on projects, and communicate efficiently, fostering better teamwork and knowledge sharing.Cost Efficiency: By leveraging cloud-based services, organizations in the field can reduce the need for expensive on-premises infrastructure and hardware. They pay for the resources they use, making it a cost-effective solution.Improved Security and Data Management: Mobile cloud technologies often employ robust security measures, including encryption and secure access controls. This helps in safeguarding sensitive data collected in the field, addressing concerns about data breaches or loss.Empowerment of IoT and Remote Devices: The integration of mobile cloud technologies with IoT devices and sensors in the field enhances automation, monitoring, and control capabilities, optimizing operations and reducing manual intervention.Adaptability and Innovation: Continuous advancements in mobile cloud technologies offer opportunities for innovation in the field. New applications, tools, and services are regularly developed, enabling organizations to stay updated and competitive.However, challenges persist:Connectivity Issues: In remote areas or locations with poor network coverage, accessing cloud resources can be challenging, impacting the effectiveness of mobile cloud technologies.Data Privacy Concerns: Storing sensitive data in the cloud raises concerns about data privacy and compliance with regulations, necessitating robust security measures and compliance protocols.Dependency on Internet Reliability: Reliance on internet connectivity for accessing cloud resources poses risks in cases of network outages or disruptions.In conclusion, mobile cloud technologies have significantly improved field operations by providing accessibility, scalability, real-time capabilities, and collaboration tools. Despite challenges related to connectivity and data security, the effectiveness of these technologies continues to grow, driving innovation and efficiency in various field-based industries.

This study explores the process of anaerobic digestion (AD) as a sustainable method for managing food waste. The research investigates the efficiency and viability of converting organic waste into biogas through anaerobic digestion. Various parameters such as temperature, pH levels, and substrate composition are examined to determine their influence on the digestion process. The study aims to provide insights into optimizing AD systems for effective food waste management and renewable energy production.Introduction:Food waste is a significant global challenge contributing to environmental issues such as greenhouse gas emissions and landfill pollution. Anaerobic digestion presents a promising solution by breaking down organic matter in the absence of oxygen, generating biogas as a valuable byproduct. This research delves into the intricacies of AD, focusing on its application in treating food waste to produce renewable energy and organic fertilizers.Methodology:The investigation involves setting up controlled anaerobic digestion experiments using various types of food waste as substrates. Factors such as temperature variations, pH levels, and different waste compositions are manipulated to observe their impact on the efficiency of biogas production. Biogas composition and yield, along with the degradation rate of organic matter, are monitored as key indicators of the digestion process.Results:The results highlight the influence of different parameters on the anaerobic digestion process. Optimal conditions for biogas production, including temperature ranges, pH levels, and substrate ratios, are identified. The study demonstrates the potential for maximizing biogas yield while efficiently decomposing food waste, showcasing AD as an effective waste management technique with dual environmental benefits.Discussion:The findings suggest practical implications for implementing anaerobic digestion systems in managing food waste on a larger scale. The discussion delves into the economic feasibility, scalability, and environmental impact of AD, emphasizing its role in sustainable waste management and renewable energy generation. Additionally, the study explores potential challenges and opportunities for further research and development in this field.Conclusion:This investigation underscores the significance of anaerobic digestion as a viable and eco-friendly approach to handle food waste. The results emphasize the potential of AD systems to mitigate environmental issues by converting organic waste into valuable resources. Further advancements and optimizations in AD technology could significantly contribute to achieving a more sustainable and circular economy.

The prevalence of obesity and its associated health risks have become major global concerns in recent years. Lipase inhibitors from natural sources have emerged as a promising approach towards controlling obesity, with minimal side effects compared to synthetic drugs. In this context, the author Shamsiya Trichur Khabeer explores the potential of lipase inhibitors from natural sources to control obesity and promote weight loss.The author discusses the various natural sources of lipase inhibitors such as plant extracts, medicinal plants, and herbal medicine, highlighting their health benefits and efficacy in inhibiting lipase activity. Phytochemicals, functional foods, and nutraceuticals derived from these sources have been found to regulate lipid metabolism and pancreatic lipase activity, leading to reduced adipose tissue, body mass index, and adiposity.The author further delves into the mechanisms by which natural lipase inhibitors exert their effects, including lipolysis, energy expenditure, appetite suppression, satiety, caloric intake, and nutrient absorption. Additionally, the author explores the potential of natural lipase inhibitors in preventing and managing metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.The author highlights the safety and efficacy of lipase inhibitors from natural sources in various preclinical and clinical trials, animal models, and human studies. The use of alternative and integrative medicine approaches, including protease inhibitors, enzyme inhibitors, and bioactive compounds, has also shown synergistic effects in combination therapy.Overall, this article provides a comprehensive overview of lipase inhibitors from natural sources as an effective approach towards controlling obesity and promoting weight loss. The author emphasizes the importance of further research to better understand the safety, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of these natural lipase inhibitors for their sustainable and renewable use in composite materials and industrial applications.

The development of renewable polymers from isohexide and plant oil is an exciting area of research in the field of green chemistry. These biodegradable and sustainable polymers have a wide range of applications in many industries, including packaging, biomedical, and agriculture.The use of plant oil and biomass as renewable feedstocks in the production of polymers is a significant advancement towards reducing our dependence on fossil fuels. Isohexide, a monomer derived from renewable sources, is used to create a variety of polymers such as bioplastics, polyesters, polyurethanes, and polyols. These polymers can be further modified through copolymerization, blending, and chemical and surface modification to enhance their properties and performance.Renewable polymers offer several advantages over traditional petroleum-based polymers, including high mechanical strength, thermal stability, and biocompatibility. They also exhibit excellent biodegradability in soil and water, making them a sustainable alternative to traditional plastics.The biomedical industry has seen the potential of renewable polymers for applications such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wound healing. These polymers possess high biocompatibility and biodegradability, making them ideal for use in various medical applications.The use of renewable polymers in coatings, adhesives, sealants, foams, gels, and membranes has shown promising results. These materials have excellent barrier properties and can be tailored for specific applications based on their mechanical and chemical properties.Renewable polymers also offer a promising solution for achieving carbon neutrality and reducing the carbon footprint of many industries. The life cycle assessment of these materials shows that they have a significantly lower environmental impact compared to traditional polymers.In conclusion, the use of isohexide and plant oil as renewable feedstocks for the production of polymers offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for various industrial applications

Analyzing and validating the performance of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells is a critical step towards advancing fuel cell technology for power generation and energy conversion. PEM fuel cells utilize electrocatalysts and fuel cell materials to convert chemical energy into electrical energy, and their efficiency and durability depend on the careful design and optimization of the fuel cell components, such as the membrane electrode assembly and the fuel cell stack.Electrochemical analysis is an important tool for evaluating PEM fuel cell performance, and researchers use a variety of techniques to analyze fuel cell voltage, current density, impedance, and catalyst activity. Modeling and testing of fuel cells is also necessary to optimize their design and operation for maximum efficiency and durability.PEM fuel cells have many potential applications, including in fuel cell vehicles and power systems, and the development of new diagnostic techniques and cost analysis tools is critical for their commercialization and widespread use. Research in fuel cell engineering and innovation has led to improvements in fuel cell efficiency and lifetime, as well as the development of new fuel cell manufacturing and fabrication methods.The use of PEM fuel cells in renewable and sustainable energy systems is a promising avenue for reducing carbon emissions and advancing clean energy technologies. Therefore, continued research and development in the field of PEM fuel cells is essential to realizing their full potential as a viable alternative to traditional fossil fuels.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body. It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite the availability of antibiotics, TB remains a major public health concern, especially in developing countries. One of the biggest challenges in TB treatment is the emergence of drug-resistant strains of the bacteria. Drug resistance occurs when the bacteria are able to survive in the presence of antibiotics that would normally kill them.Gaurav Srivastava's research on modeling drug resistance in tuberculosis bacteria aims to provide insights into the mechanisms that underlie drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. His work involves mathematical, computational, and molecular modeling to understand the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics and their interactions with the bacteria.One approach that Srivastava uses is computational simulation, which allows for the testing of different drug combinations and dosages in silico before moving to in vitro or in vivo testing. This can help to identify optimal drug combinations for treating drug-resistant TB.Another aspect of Srivastava's research involves studying the molecular biology of drug-target interactions and genetic mutations that lead to drug resistance. By understanding the mechanisms of drug resistance, researchers can develop new drugs that target these mechanisms and overcome resistance.Srivastava's work also has implications for precision medicine and personalized medicine. By understanding the genetic mutations that lead to drug resistance, doctors may be able to tailor treatments to individual patients based on their genetic profile.In conclusion, Srivastava's research on modeling drug resistance in tuberculosis bacteria is an important contribution to the field of TB research. His work has the potential to inform the development of new drugs and treatment strategies for TB, and ultimately improve patient outcomes.

"Aroma Genes in Mango: Identification & Characterisation" authored by Garima Pathak is a comprehensive study of the molecular mechanisms behind the development of mango flavor and fruit quality. The book focuses on the identification and characterisation of aroma-related genes and their expression patterns during different stages of fruit development and ripening.Using advanced technologies such as transcriptomics, genomics, bioinformatics, and next-generation sequencing, the book explores the complex gene networks and regulatory mechanisms involved in the biosynthesis of volatile compounds, terpenes, carotenoids, phytochemicals, and other flavor precursors.The book delves into the role of transcription factors, promoters, and enhancers in gene regulation and signal transduction pathways that control fruit development, ripening, and response to abiotic and biotic stresses, including pathogens.The author discusses the potential applications of gene editing technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 and transgenic approaches in improving mango flavor and fruit quality, as well as the importance of plant breeding and horticulture practices in optimizing postharvest physiology.In addition, the book highlights the nutritional and health benefits of mango, including its high content of antioxidants, anti-inflammatory compounds, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, sugars, organic acids, and enzymes.Overall, "Aroma Genes in Mango: Identification & Characterisation" is a valuable resource for researchers, plant breeders, horticulturists, food scientists, and nutritionists interested in improving the flavor and nutritional quality of mango and other fruits. The book provides a comprehensive understanding of the molecular basis of fruit development and ripening and its relationship with fruit quality and health benefits.

In the field of organic chemistry, the use of alcohols as catalysts for C-N bond activation and alkylation reactions has garnered significant attention in recent years. Jagannath Rana, a renowned chemist, has contributed greatly to this area of research through his groundbreaking studies.Alcohols, a widely available and environmentally friendly resource, have proven to be effective catalysts for a variety of chemical reactions, including C-N bond activation and alkylation. This type of catalysis can be achieved with either homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysis. Homogeneous catalysis, in which the alcohol is completely dissolved in the reaction mixture, is widely used in laboratory-scale reactions. Heterogeneous catalysis, on the other hand, involves the use of a solid-supported alcohol catalyst, which can be recycled and reused.The activation of C-N bonds using alcohols as catalysts is a highly efficient and selective process. The reaction occurs by nucleophilic attack of the amide or other nitrogen-containing compound on the activated alcohol. The resulting intermediate can undergo alkylation by a variety of electrophiles, including alkyl halides, alkenes, and alkynes.The use of alcohols as catalysts for C-N bond activation and alkylation reactions has several advantages over traditional methods. First, alcohols are abundant and inexpensive, making them an attractive alternative to more costly catalysts. Additionally, alcohols are non-toxic and can be used in environmentally friendly, sustainable chemistry practices.Rana's research has focused on the use of metal catalysis for C-N bond activation and alkylation reactions using alcohols as catalysts. In particular, he has studied the use of palladium catalysts in these reactions, as palladium is a widely available and inexpensive metal with excellent catalytic activity. Rana's work has demonstrated that palladium-catalyzed C-N bond activation and alkylation using alcohols as catalysts can be highly selective, producing the desired products with high yields and minimal waste.Overall, the use of alcohols as catalysts for C-N bond activation and alkylation reactions is a promising area of research in the field of organic chemistry. Rana's contributions have advanced our understanding of this process and opened up new avenues for the development of sustainable, environmentally friendly chemical processes.

In "Bioactive Macrocyclic Peptides Research," Vidya Gunjal delves into the latest advancements and research in the field of bioactive macrocyclic peptides. The book provides an overview of the fundamental principles of macrocyclic peptides and focuses on the bioactive peptides, including Teixobactin, pseudoxylallemycin B, arthroamide, and fusaristatin C. The author begins by discussing the importance of macrocyclic peptides in the pharmaceutical industry and in biomedical research. The book then explores the latest research on bioactive macrocyclic peptides and their potential applications in drug development and disease treatment. The book highlights the synthesis, structural characterization, and biological evaluation of macrocyclic peptides. It discusses the different synthetic strategies, including solid-phase peptide synthesis, and the various techniques used for the characterization of peptides, including NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the book highlights the biological activities of bioactive macrocyclic peptides, including their antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antitumor activities. The author also discusses the potential applications of these peptides as therapeutic agents in various diseases and disorders. Overall, "Bioactive Macrocyclic Peptides Research" is a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, and students in the fields of pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemistry, and biotechnology. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the principles, methods, and applications of bioactive macrocyclic peptides, and it is a must-read for anyone interested in this important area of research

The book "Biochemical Parameters in Indo-European Urban Populations" by Punam Jha provides a comprehensive analysis of the distribution of biochemical parameters associated with cardio-metabolic risks in healthy urban children, adolescents, and adults of Indo-European origin. The book explores the prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in these populations and investigates the role of various biochemical parameters in the development and progression of these diseases. The book covers a range of biochemical parameters, including lipid profiles, glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, inflammatory markers, and oxidative stress markers. It examines the relationships between these parameters and various risk factors such as age, gender, body mass index, and lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity. The author also discusses the potential use of these biochemical parameters in screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of cardio-metabolic diseases. The book provides valuable insights into the complex interplay between biochemical parameters and cardio-metabolic risks in the Indo-European population. Overall, "Biochemical Parameters in Indo-European Urban Populations" is an essential resource for researchers, clinicians, and public health professionals interested in understanding the distribution and significance of biochemical parameters associated with cardio-metabolic risks in this population. The book's clear and concise writing style, along with its practical focus on the use of biochemical parameters in clinical practice, makes it accessible to a broad range of readers. The author's extensive research and expertise in the field make this book a valuable contribution to the literature on cardio-metabolic diseases.

Research findings help in policy making for research establishment and funding agencies. It provides new avenues for the researchers to carry out further. The scholarly study of communication includes the growth of scholarly information, the relationships among research areas and disciplines, the information needs and uses of individual user groups, and the relationships among formal and informal methods of communication (Kumar, 2004).Quantitative analysis is the main tool in science by means of counting, measuring, comparing and analyzing the data.The publication of research results is enormous and complex.

The scope of professional ethics is much wider than the texts of legal codes. For, in attempting to achieve a just balance between freedom and responsibility, the ethical aspects of this dichotomy depend not only on conscious decisions by a journalist, but also on practices in the media and the general social environment.1 Media ethics and standards comprise principles of ethics and of good practice as applicable to the specific challenges faced by journalists. Historically and currently, this subset of media ethics is widely known to journalists as their professional "code of ethics" or the "canons of journalism".The basic codes and canons commonly appear in statements drafted by professional journalism associations and individual print, broadcast, and online news organizations.

Each millet has more fibre than rice and wheat. Minor millets offer higher levels of portion, minerals and vitamins than rice and wheat. While cereals are a less expensive source of dietary calories, tiny millets supply essential micronutrients such as vitamin B, calcium, iron, folic acid and sulfur, as well as dietary fibre. These miracle grains have a favorable effect on reducing blood glucose levels and aiding in blood glucose management in people, making them a key aid in the battle against diabetes. In ancient times, people in India consumed these grains, but with changes in farming methods and government encouragement for rice and wheat, their consumption patterns decline greatly. Minor millets continue to be a reliable crop for many Indian homes. Because of changes in food processing technology and the contemporary milling process, the grains accessible today are refined. Furthermore, millets intake has virtually vanished and it is critical to increase millet consumption since millets are rich sources of dietary fibre, complex carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins.

Tritium and radiocarbon are pure beta emitters. Tritium has an average energy of 5.7 keV and endpoint energy of 18.6 keV [1]. Radiocarbon has an average energy of 49.5 keV and endpoint energy of 156 keV. The half-life of tritium and radiocarbon is 12.3 years and 5730 years, respectively. Hydrogen has three isotopes, namely hydrogen (1H), deuterium (2H), and tritium (3H). Among the three isotopes, tritium alone is a radioactive isotope. The natural abundance of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium are 99.985%, 0.015%, and 1x10-18%. Carbon is also having three isotopes 12C, 13C, and 14C. The isotopes 12C and 13C are stable, whereas 14C is radioactive. The natural abundance of 12C, 13C and 14C are approximately 98.89%%, 1.11% and 1.2 x 10-10% respectively. Tritium is continuously produced in the atmosphere with cosmic-ray induced neutron activation of atmospheric gases. The reaction occurs with fast neutrons. The threshold neutron energy for the 14N (1n, 3H) 12C is 4 MeV [1].

Banking is the most important service industry of the country, contributing substantially to its Gross Domestic Product. Roughly the contribution of banking sector to GDP is about 7.7% also it has generated employment in the economy for about 1.5 million people. Therefore, work force of the Banks at all levels of hierarchy becomes very significant since they are the main drivers of this industry. The type and Quality of Human Resources will significantly impact the productivity. The policies of the government towards Banking can also affect Quality of work life of its employees. In the age of technology and digitalization, the customers are called upon to use products and services of the Banks with the help of mobile phones, computers or other electronic devices. The products have increased, services have become more complex and it has added to the stress of human Resources. The pressure of meeting the targets or goals is ever increasing.

Among the fatty acids, positive effects of PUFAs and its derivatives on glycemic indices and inflammation have been widely documented by many authors. PUFA have been reported to modulate metabolic as well as inflammatory pathways in patients with diabetes (Takahashi et al, 2017; Gajos et al, 2010; Endo et al, 2016; Makarewicz-Wujec, et al, 2010). An imbalanced dietary ratio of n-6: n-3, in favour of omega-6 has been evidently reported to increase the prevalence of diabesity and inflammation due to its pro-in¿ammatory and prothrombotic properties ( Simopoulos et al, 2008; Simopoulos et al, 2013; Donahue et al, 2011; Kromhou et al, 2014).Whereas omega-6/omega-3 ratio in favour of omega-3 PUFAs have immense capability to influence insulin signalling transduction and inflammatory pathways thereby, modulate oxidative stress and also exert hypogycemic effect in diabetes (Wallin et al, 2012; Cernea, et al, 2013; Devarshi et al, 2013).

A jet is said to be over expanded when the nozzle exit pressure (pe) is lower than the ambient pressure (pa) to which it is discharging. Oblique shocks will be formed to increase pe attempting to reach equilibrium with the ambient pressure pa. These shockwaves of opposite families starting at the nozzle trailing edge, cross each other at the jet axis and travel to the jet boundary and are reflected as expansion waves. These shock and expansion waves cause a periodic shock-cell structure in the jet flow field. Figure 1.1 schematically shows the shock-cell structure in an over expanded jet.

Wall jets generate a high-intensity broadband noise compared to free jets. As discussed in the previous section, a wall jet flow can be related to a number of practical applications, from a simple household appliance to aerospace applications. The current scenario demands quieter flow appliances with lower noise emissions. For instance, the cabin noise of aircraft, high-speed locomotives, and automobiles is influenced by the outer flow and demands a detailed study to understand noise mitigation. Moreover, the prolonged exposure to flow noise is annoying that may cause serious psychological and health issues. Thus, according to the norms laid by the noise regulatory bodies, priority is given to the mitigation of acoustic emissions from flow-related appliances. Over the past few decades, significant noise reduction strategies have been accomplished by varying the surface conditions. The major noise emissions from wall jets are due to the interaction of a turbulent jet with a rigid wall and the trailing edge of the plate.

The word ethics is derived from the Latin word "Ethos", Which means character. Ethics is set of specified principles and standards of media. This aspect in media covers a wide range of highly controversial topics to debate. It is a scientific practice that deals with human consciousness. At every step in life, we have to take decisions concerning action and its propriety or otherwise. The basis of such decisions is a standard .In this way every person keeps before him, consciously or unconsciously, a standard of right and wrong even though the measure may not be the same at all times. Ethics discuss this scale of duties in a scientific way.

Employee engagement is critical to an organization's success as it transitions into the digital era and the modern world. Organizations must assess the amount of employee engagement as a competitive advantage. Nowadays, the concept of employee engagement is the most commonly used and researched field in the commercial world even though in the educational sector, it has been hardly discovered. Leaders in the education sector have poor knowledge of the relationship between "employee engagement, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment". Because globalization offers tremendous talent flexibility, the roles of engaged, fulfilled, and dedicated employees are critical. Today business is facing an increase in growth with rapid development in technology, especially in the education sector.

Food is a substance or material that originates in the environment in plant, animals, or water. It is made up of naturally occurring nutrients metabolized by and organism to sustain, grow and repair vital life processed. The primary function of food is to provide nourishment to an organism. Nourishment is furnished by nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, fibers, protein, vitamins and minerals. These and other chemical compounds are essential for basic bodily functions (Kaplan, 2012). Potter and Hotchkiss (1998) state that food is the fuel which supplies chemical energy to the body to support daily activity and synthesis of necessary chemicals within the body and is therefore critically needed for survival, growth, physical abilities and good health. Food to perform the intended use must be nutritionally complete and be free of any injurious substances. A lack or insufficiency of food or consumption of food containing harmful substances may result in dietary illnesses, i.e. Pellagra, Rickets, Marasmus, Kwashiorkor and Keratosis or Foodborne diseases, i.e. Cholera, Dysentery, Hepatitis, Salmonellosis and Typhoid (Shapton & Shapton, 1993; Frazier & Westhoff, 1988).

Importance of organic foods has increased gradually over the past few decades globally owing to its twofold benefits to health and environment basically (Dangour et al., 2010). The organic food industry is supposed to touch a growth rate of 16% by 2020 (TechSci Research, 2015). As of 2015, the total organic food market stood at 81.6 billion US dollars (Willer and Lernoud, 2017) and as per the reports published by ASSOCHAM, 2018 the global market for organic food has touched US$ 89.7 in 2016. The increasing growth rate of the markets for organic foods has its implications for developing countries like India which also registered double-digit growth in recent years. Some macroeconomic factors responsible for the growth of organic foods in India are increasing income levels, improvement in the standards of living, etc.

In this method a dummy variable for each predictor is included in the regression model. These dummy variables indicate whether or not the data in the predictors is missing (Cohen and Cohen, 1985). Cases with missing data on a predictor are coded as having some constant value, usually the mean for observed cases on that predictor. Though the method use all the available information in the data and may produce reasonably good standard error estimates, it could not become popular as it produces biased estimates of the regression coefficients, even if the data are MCAR (Jones, 1996). There are different methods in which missing values of variables are substituted with some plausible values (Little and Rubin, 2002; Schafer, 1999). The data obtained through these methods are then treated as complete data and is analyzed using conventional statistical methods. Single imputation refers to fill in one value for each missing value in a variable (Haukoos and Newgaurd, 2007). Some single imputation methods are described below.

This chapter presents the introductory content about retail sectors regarding how the retail business was carried in traditional times and how it is different from the current online system. With time, customer's interest also changes, and their relationship gains even more critical for continuous business growth. Thus, we discuss the customer relationship management system from various perspectives (Liao SH et al., 2011). Customer relationships can be better managed using the latest internet, different communication tools, and technology. Various technologies such as Bigdata, cloud computing, web analytics, the internet of things, mobile computing, artificial intelligence, augmented reality, virtual reality, and machine learning are in demand for understanding the customer needs and taking the many major business decisions of the retail sector (Peltier J et al., 2013).

A pioneering work in micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) in 1954 by Smith [142] described stress-sensitive piezoresistive effects observed in silicon and germanium. Subsequently, a series of researchers in the 1960s published their findings on the first silicon diaphragm pressure sensors and strain gauges [117], [151]. Interest in silicon sensor technology grew dramatically. Waggener demonstrated deep silicon etching in 1967, [155] and the first mechanically enabled micro device based on bulk micromachining technology, a micro pressure sensor, was developed in 1970, by HP. This was followed by micromechanical nozzles for inkjet printer in 1979. The first micro engine based on surface micromachining was developed at Sandia National Laboratories, by Tanner [149], [116]. This was followed by a wide range of micro mechanical sensors and actuators, in a variety of applications in engineering, medicine and other fundamental sciences.

Phishing is a sort of attack in an online environment in which victims unintentionally access spoofed Emails that effectively trick them into sharing confidential information. Phishing is one of the biggest concerns of Internet users in modern times. Phishing is not a new security issue where attackers use fake web pages to steal their personal data. While phishing attacks keep on obliterating the online network, different research ventures have examined the reasons why individuals become casualties of phishing assaults. To overcome this kind of attack, many anti-phishing solutions have been developed to prevent users from becoming a phishing victim (Gaurav 2016; Longfei 2015; ChihHung 2015; Varsharani 2016). Most popular URL-based phishing detection techniques analyze URL features of web pages to filter out suspicious and malicious websites.

Mass media is an important part of individual's life. It is a two way process of communicating ideas, knowledge and concepts. It includes various age groups like children, adolescents and elder. Among them adolescents required more information related with various field with the help of mass media. "Adolescents use the information more which broadcasted in media" (Werner-Wilson, Morrissey & Fitzharris, 2004). There are various aspects of life which affected by mass-media, among those one factor is very important i.e., health. The effects of mass-media on health also vary from age group and person to person. Many a time's people get affected by exaggeration and ignore reality, which impact their life style and relationship as well. In present scenario electronic gadgets are being used more than earlier. People like to read online news rather than preferring newspaper, they also watch television to get away from bored routine and gather information about world.

The choice for Bolivia in order to comprehend the politics of social movements in comparison with its counterpart in India has been a deliberate one. The selection of this vast region of the global south is particularly also on purpose for its shared history of colonialism and for - according to many - the still persistent neo-colonialism. Naturally then, the present research undertakes a comparative study of the political process in the two countries, namely Bolivia and India. Within this frame of comparative study of the global south, our primary focus, here, is on the indigenous people of Bolivia and dalits in India - hitherto and continued to be some of the most discriminated and marginalized social groups in the world today. With the advent of neoliberalism since 1980s, both these social groups have resoundingly come across as the most assertive and original political voices in the recent history.

The Earth's climate system consists of five interacting components namely atmosphere, hydrosphere, surface, biosphere and cryosphere, and influenced by various external forcing mechanisms. The most unstable component of the Earth's climate system is 'atmosphere's which has undergone significant changes since the evolution of the Earth (Baede et al., 2001). The present-day Earth's atmosphere is primarily composed of Nitrogen (78.08% by volume), Oxygen (20.95% by volume) and Ar (0.93% by volume). These gases do not interact with the incoming solar and outgoing terrestrial radiation significantly enough to alter the Earth's radiation balance. Water vapor (although variable, but typical volume mixing ratio is ~1%) and some gases like CO2, O3, CH4 etc. (famously known as 'Greenhouse Gases', < 0.1% by volume) absorb and emit solar and terrestrial radiation and thus increase temperature near Earth's surface.

Management involves decision making process. It is a core part of every managerial function. This is because no action can be performed until and unless a firm decision is taken about any particular situation in the organization. People working in organizations have to decide before acting or before preparing a plan for execution. Moreover, their ability to perform is often judged by the quality of decision they make. "Whatever a manager does, he does through decision making" (Peter Drucker, 2004). At the current standpoint, organizations are more focusing upon having employees who have desired set of skills to cope with frequent changes in situations in appropriate ways. The reason behind this assertion is that managers aremajorly involved in decision making activities attributing situations which demand more human capabilities than intelligence quotient (IQ). The most important individual factors that affect employees' reactions in different situations are their personality attributes and emotional capability which management scholars, researchers, academicians and development practitioners have shown to be interested in understanding the importance of these human components at the workplace for more than a tenner.