Handbook of Clinical Sociology

I The Reemerging Field of Clinical Sociology.- 1. Clinical Sociology: Defining the Field.- Toward a Definition.- Distinctiveness of the Sociological Approach.- The Sociological Perspective.- Theory.- Sociological Methods.- Roles for Clinical Sociologists.- Organizational Consultant/Organizational Development.- Social Impact Assessment.- Community Organization.- Mediation/Conflict Resolution.- Program Development/Program Evaluation.- Counselor/Sociotherapy.- Trainer/Teacher.- Broker.- Advocate.- Group Facilitator.- Conclusion.- References.- 2. The Emergence of American Clinical Sociology.- The First Courses in Clinical Sociology.- The Appearance of the Label Clinical Sociology.- Pre-SPA Publications: 1930-1977.- Post-SPA Publications: 1978-1988.- Conclusion.- References.- II General Practice Concerns.- 3. Assessment in Clinical Sociology.- The Logic of Clinical Assessment.- Analytical Assessment Phases.- Preliminary Screening.- Intake Assessment Survey.- Exploratory Assessment.- Assessment of Possible Interventions.- Summatory Assessment.- References.- 4. Intervention in Clinical Sociology.- The Diversity and Unity of Intervention in Clinical Sociology.- Guiding Themes.- Science.- Intervention as Process.- Intervention as a Humanistic Pursuit.- The Goal of Intervention Is Behavior Change.- Problems Addressed as Social Problems.- Barriers to Change.- Loci of Intervention: Targets for Change.- Approaches to Intervention.- Conclusion.- References.- 5. Program Evaluation and Clinical Sociology.- Four Models of Program Evaluation.- The Objectives-Based Model.- The Decision-Oriented Model.- The Naturalistic Inquiry Model.- The Expert Model.- A Utilization-Focused Perspective.- Issues in Planning and Conducting Evaluations.- Should We Evaluate?.- Who Should Evaluate?.- What Should Be Evaluated?.- How Should the Evaluation Be Done?.- How to Deal with Evaluation Findings?.- After the Evaluation, Then What?.- References.- 6. Communication and Relationships with Clients.- On Relationships, Generally.- The Clinical Relationship.- Presenting Conditions.- Communication.- Preparing for Communication.- Initial Meetings.- Approaching Clients.- Barriers, Breakdowns, and Problems.- Client Training Clinician.- Conclusion.- References.- 7. Ethics in Clinical Sociology.- Ethical Ideals and behavior.- Models of a Helping Relationship.- Roles and Norms.- Cultural Sensitivities.- Self-Disclosure of Professional and Client.- Privileged Communication and Confidentiality.- Manipulation of behavior.- Rights of Clients and Practitioners.- Self-Determination.- Negotiating Sound Contracts.- Evaluation Research.- The Clinical Sociologist as an Expert Witness.- Professional Accountability.- Malpractice.- New Ethical Issues.- Appendix A: Ethical Standards of Sociological Practitioners.- Appendix B: A Patient's Bill of Rights.- Appendix C: Standards for the Expert Witness.- References.- 8. The Effects of Social Change on Clinical Practice.- Conceptual Considerations.- Contextual Determination.- Determining the Context of Advanced Technological Society.- Macrolevel Changes.- Mesolevel Changes.- Microlevel Changes.- Conclusions.- References.- III Clinical Sociology in Specific Settings.- 9. Clinical Sociology with Individuals and Families.- The Relevance of Sociology to Counseling.- The Thematic Approach to Sociological Counseling.- Autonomy and Constraint: A Guiding Theme.- Counseling Stages and Sociological Contributions.- Intake and Introduction.- Assessment and Evaluation.- Intervention and Follow-Up.- A General Approach.- On Expressive and Instrumental Action.- Specifying Facts and Likely Consequences.- Reality Construction and Time Allocation.- Establishing Rituals.- Follow-Up: Clinical Interventions as Hypothesis Testing.- Conclusion.- References.- 10. Public Policies and Clinical Sociology.- Basic Questions and Tasks.- Getting Acquainted.- Visualizing the Social Situation.- Diagnosing Problems.- Defining Goals.- Developing Strategies.- Intervening Diplom...