Signals in the Soil

Introduction.- Part 1: Physical Layer for Wireless Underground Communications.- Introduction to Wireless Underground (UG) Communications.- Electromagnetic Characteristics of the Soil.- Wireless Underground Channel Modeling.- Part 2: Underground Antenna and Radio Interface Technologies.- Modulation Schemes.- Channel Bandwidth and Capacity.- Energy Harvesting.- Underground Antenna Design.- UG Phased Arrays and Beamforming.- Diversity Reception.- Part 3: Novel Soil Sensing Techniques.- Soil Sensing.- Soil Moisture and Permittivity Estimation.- Zenneck Waves on Soil Surface .- Part 4: IOUT Applications in Urban Underground Infrastructure.- Monitoring and Real-time Soil Monitoring and Irrigation Automation.- Internet of Underground Things Advancements.- Digital Agriculture.- Autonomous Irrigation Management Architecture.- Urban Underground Infrastructure Monitoring.- Part 5: Recent Advances in Testbed Design and Implementation.- Empirical Results.- Conclusion.