Historie og samfunn

In this authoritative and engrossing full-scale biography, Walter Isaacson, bestselling author of Einstein and Steve Jobs, shows how the most fascinating of America's founders helped define our national character.Benjamin Franklin is the founding father who winks at us, the one who seems made of flesh rather than marble. In a sweeping narrative that follows Franklins life from Boston to Philadelphia to London and Paris and back, Walter Isaacson chronicles the adventures of the runaway apprentice who became, over the course of his eighty-four-year life, Americas best writer, inventor, media baron, scientist, diplomat, and business strategist, as well as one of its most practical and ingenious political leaders. He explores the wit behind Poor Richards Almanac and the wisdom behind the Declaration of Independence, the new nations alliance with France, the treaty that ended the Revolution, and the compromises that created a near-perfect Constitution.In this colorful and intimate narrative, Isaacson provides the full sweep of Franklins amazing life, showing how he helped to forge the American national identity and why he has a particular resonance in the twenty-first century.

Opening with a panorama of Russian society, from the cloistered world of the Tsar to the brutal life of the peasants, this book follows workers, soldiers, intellectuals and villagers as their world is consumed by revolution and then degenerates into violence and dictatorship.

Using a previously unparalleled range of sources, this book reconstructs Hitler's thought processes and objectives. It shows that Hitler developed a concept of "NATIONAL SOCIALISM" in which anti-capitalist ideas played a far greater role than has previously been assumed. Zitelmann shows that Hitler's anti-capitalism became increasingly radicalized and that he eventually became an admirer of Stalin's Soviet planned economy."Many biographies have been written about Adolf Hitler, but Rainer Zitelmann's book on Hitler is not just another biography. He has taken the trouble to collate and evaluate all of Hitler's utterances and writings and has thus cleared the ground for a fuller understanding of Hitler's self-image, the nature of his ideology, his objectives, and his policies... Rainer Zitelmann has resolved to abstain from moral judgments; but his meticulous and responsible scholarship speaks all the louder. His book constitutes a milestone in our understanding of Adolf Hitler."Klemens von KlempererJournal of Modern History

The Oxford Handbook of the History of Iran proceeds chronologically through the history of Iran, from ancient times to the present. This reliable and accessible collection of essays can serve as an introduction to the field of Iranian studies and a useful review for practicing scholars.

In "Gotham", Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace have produced a Pulitzer Prize-winning work of history that ranges from the Indian tribes that settled in and around the island of Manna-hata, to the consolidation of the five boroughs into Greater New York in 1898.

Winner of the Jewish Book of the Year AwardThe first comprehensive yet accessible history of the state of Israel from its inception to present day, from Daniel Gordis, "one of the most respected Israel analysts" (The Forward) living and writing in Jerusalem.Israel is a tiny state, and yet it has captured the world’s attention, aroused its imagination, and lately, been the object of its opprobrium. Why does such a small country speak to so many global concerns? More pressingly: Why does Israel make the decisions it does? And what lies in its future?We cannot answer these questions until we understand Israel’s people and the questions and conflicts, the hopes and desires, that have animated their conversations and actions. Though Israel’s history is rife with conflict, these conflicts do not fully communicate the spirit of Israel and its people: they give short shrift to the dream that gave birth to the state, and to the vision for the Jewish people that was at its core. Guiding us through the milestones of Israeli history, Gordis relays the drama of the Jewish people’s story and the creation of the state. Clear-eyed and erudite, he illustrates how Israel became a cultural, economic and military powerhouse—but also explains where Israel made grave mistakes and traces the long history of Israel’s deepening isolation. With Israel, public intellectual Daniel Gordis offers us a brief but thorough account of the cultural, economic, and political history of this complex nation, from its beginnings to the present. Accessible, levelheaded, and rigorous, Israel sheds light on the Israel’s past so we can understand its future. The result is a vivid portrait of a people, and a nation, reborn.

This volume explores how the Cultural Cold War played out in Africa and Asia in the context of decolonization. Both the USA and the Soviet Union as well as East European states undertook significant efforts to influence cultural life in the newly independent, postcolonial world.

Etter sammenbruddet av tsarimperiet raste mellom 1917 og 1921 en ødeleggende kamp i Russland. Mange anser denne voldsomme borgerkrigen som en av de viktigste begivenhetene i moderne tid. En uforsonlig allianse av moderate sosialister og reaksjonære monarkister hadde liten sjanse mot Trotskijs røde hær og Lenins kommunistiske diktatur. Terror skapte mer terror, som igjen førte til enda flere og større grusomheter mellom folk, mann mot mann, mot kvinner og barn. Kampen ble på mange måter starten på en verdenskrig da Churchill satte inn tropper fra det britiske imperiet, med støtte fra væpnede styrker fra USA, Frankrike, Italia, Japan, Polen og Tsjekkoslovakia. Antony Beevor, forfatter av den anerkjente internasjonale bestselgeren Stalingrad, samler den nyeste forskningen for å skrive den mest komplette boken hittil. Det er en gripende fortelling som viser konflikten sett gjennom øynene til alle fra arbeideren i Petrograds gater til soldatene i de ulike hærstyrkene, offiserer på slagmarken og kvinnelegen på et krigssykehus.

Two Harvard professors explain the dangerous world we face today. Democracies can die with a coup d' tat - or they can die slowly. This happens most deceptively when in piecemeal fashion, with the election of an authoritarian leader, the abuse of governmental power and the complete repression of opposition. All three steps are being taken around the world - not least with the election of Donald Trump - and we must all understand how we can stop them.In How Democracies Die, Harvard professors Steven Levitsky and Daniel Ziblatt draw insightful lessons from across history - from the rule of General Augusto Pinochet in Chile to the quiet undermining of Turkey's constitutional system by President Recip Erdogan - to shine a light on regime breakdown across the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Notably they point to the dangers of an authoritarian leader faced with a major crisis. Based on years of research, they present a deep understanding of how and why democracies die; an alarming analysis of how democracy is being subverted today in the US and beyond; and a guide for maintaining and repairing a threatened democracy, for governments, political parties and individuals. History doesn't repeat itself. But we can protect our democracy by learning its lessons, before it's too late.

The Discourses of Epictetus are a series of practical informal lectures. Epictetus directs his students to focus attention on their opinions, anxieties and desires so they may never fail to get what they desire. Also included is the Enchiridion.

Combining theological discussion, illustrative anecdotes and practical advice, the Malleus Maleficarum is one of the best-known treatises dealing with the problem of what to do with witches. This new lean and unvarnished translation will undoubtedly become the standard translation of this important and controversial late-medieval text. -- .

This volume brings together more than 100 selections of works from the 18th century, including examples from Kant, Diderot, Newton and Locke. They demonstrate the impact of Enlightenment views on philosophy and epistemology as well as on political, social and economic institutions.

Shows that the Israeli national myth has its origins in the 19th century, rather than in biblical times when Jewish historians, like scholars in many other cultures, reconstituted an imagined people in order to model a future nation. This book demonstrates the construction of a nationalist myth and the collective mystification that this requires.

The controversial revisionist history of World War I that made Niall Ferguson's name The First World War killed around eight million men and bled Europe dry. More than any other event, it made the twentieth century. In this boldly conceived book and provocative, aimed to appeal not only to students but also to the general reader, Niall Ferguson explodes many of the myths surrounding the war. Niall Ferguson is Herzog Professor of Financial History at the Stern School of Business, New York University, Visiting Professor of History, Oxford University and Senior Research Fellow, Jesus College, Oxford. His other books for Penguin include Empire, The Cash Nexus, Colossus, The War of the World, Virtual History, High Financier and Civilization.

Explore the darker reality of the City of Angels in this omnibus of photographs and ephemera revealing the underbelly of Los Angeles from the 1920s through the 1950s. From the headline crime of the Black Dahlia to the petty corruption of mayors and cops, discover the flip side of the Southland that inspired the movies and novels which came to...

Regarded as one of the best general histories of the ancient world, it is written for the general reader and the student coming to the subject for the first time and provides a reliable and highly accessible point of entry to the period. The 3rd edition has been extensively revised with several chapters rewritten and a wealth of new material added.

The first English language study on John II Komnenos, re-evaluating an emperor traditionally overlooked in favour of his more famous father and son. The study addresses the empire's neighbours and rivals, the turning points of ecclesiastical history, the shaping of the crusader movement, and the workings of Byzantine government and administration.

What is intelligence - why is it so hard to define, and why is there no systematic theory of intelligence? Kjetil Anders Hatlebrekke creates a new, systematic model of intelligence analysis, arguing that good intelligence is based on understanding the threats that appear beyond our experience, and are therefore the most dangerous to society.

A BBC RADIO 4 BOOK OF THE WEEK | AN INSTANT #2 SUNDAY TIMES BESTSELLER'Humanity has transformed the Earth: Frankopan transforms our understanding of history' Financial Times'Vast, learned and timely work' Sunday Times------From the international bestselling author of The Silk Roads comes a major history of how a changing climate has dramatically shaped the development-and demise-of civilisations across time.When we think about history, we rarely pay much attention to the most destructive floods, the worst winters, the most devastating droughts or the ways that ecosystems have changed over time. In The Earth Transformed, Peter Frankopan, one of the world's leading historians, shows that the natural environment is a crucial, if not the defining, factor in global history - and not just of humankind. Volcanic eruptions, solar activities, atmospheric, oceanic and other shifts, as well as anthropogenic behaviour, are fundamental parts of the past and the present. In this magnificent and groundbreaking book, we learn about the origins of our species: about the development of religion and language and their relationships with the environment; about how the desire to centralise agricultural surplus formed the origins of the bureaucratic state; about how growing demands for harvests resulted in the increased shipment of enslaved peoples; about how efforts to understand and manipulate the weather have a long and deep history. All provide lessons of profound importance as we face a precarious future of rapid global warming. Taking us from the Big Bang to the present day and beyond, The Earth Transformed forces us to reckon with humankind's continuing efforts to make sense of the natural world.-----'This is epic, gripping, original history that leaps off the page' Sathnam Sanghera, author of Empireland'All Historians aiming to tell a narrative face the problem of when exactly to start it. Only Peter Frankopan would go back 2.5 billion years to the Great Oxidation Event' Tom HollandA 2023 HIGHLIGHT FOR: BBC NEWS * SUNDAY TIMES CULTURE * FINANCIAL TIMES * NEW EUROPEAN * GUARDIAN * NEW STATESMAN * THE TIMES * THE WEEK * WATERSTONES * BLACKWELL'S

Jens Ulltveit-Moe er ingen Askeladd. Han er en helt alminnelig norsk gutt, lærersønn fra Røyken, som fikk god utdannelse, og som takket være den, hardt arbeid og en rimelig porsjon flaks, jobbet seg opp til å bli skipsreder, industrimagnat, fastfood-konge og mangemilliardær. Så ble han «grønn», solgte alt som smakte av olje og satset på skog, etanol og solenergi, tapte mange milliarder – og meldte seg inn i MDG. Denne lydboken handler om Jens som person og om oppturene og nedturene han har vært gjennom. Den handler også om hvordan han og virksomhetene hans har speilet (og av og til påvirket) utviklingen i det norske samfunnet, fra den grisgrendte sjøfartsnasjonen på 1960-tallet, via oljeeventyret på sokkelen fra 1970-årene og utover, frem til klimaforvirringen og den globale usikkerheten som preger samfunnet i dag.]]>

An epic history of money, trade and development since 1933In 1933, Keynes reflected on the crisis of the Great Depression that arose from individualistic capitalism: 'It is not intelligent, it is not beautiful, it is not just, it is not virtuous - and it doesn't deliver the goods ... But when we wonder what to put in its place, we are extremely perplexed.' We are now in a similar state of perplexity, wondering how to respond to the economic problems of the world.Martin Daunton examines the changing balance over ninety years between economic nationalism and globalization, explaining why one economic order breaks down and how another one is built, in a wide-ranging history of the institutions and individuals who have managed the global economy. In 1933, the World Monetary and Economic Conference brought together the nations of the world: it failed. Trade and currency warfare led to economic nationalism and a turn from globalization that culminated in war. During the Second World War, a new economic order emerged - the embedded liberalism of Bretton Woods, the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development - and the post-war General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. These institutions and their rules created a balance between domestic welfare and globalization, complemented by a social contract between labour, capital and the state to share the benefits of economic growth.Yet this embedded liberalism reflected the interests of the 'west' in the Cold War: in the 1970s, it faced collapse, caused by its internal weaknesses and the breakdown of the social contract, and was challenged by the Third World as a form of neo-colonialism. It was succeeded by neoliberalism, financialisation and hyper-globalization. In 2008, the global financial crash exposed the flaws of neoliberalism without leading to a fundamental change. Now, as leading nations are tackling the fall-out from Covid-19 and the threats of inflation, food security and the existential risk of climate change, Martin Daunton calls for a return to a globalization that benefits many of the world's poor and a fairer capitalism that delivers domestic welfare and equality.The Economic Government of the World is the first history to show how trade, international monetary relations, capital mobility and development impacted on and influenced each other. Martin Daunton places these economic relations in the geo-political context of the twentieth century, and considers the importance of economic ideas and of political ideology, of electoral calculations and institutional design. The book rests on extensive archival research to provide a powerful analysis of the origins of our current global crisis, and suggests how we might build a fairer international order.